Sen M. Kuo, Northern Illinois University, USABob H. Lee, Ittiam Systems, Inc., USAWenshun Tian, Sonus Networks, Inc., USA

• Preface xv Acknowledgments xix1 Introduction to Real-Time Digital Signal Processing 11.1 Basic Elements of Real-Time DSP Systems 21.2 Analog Interface 31.3 DSP Hardware 101.4 DSP System Design 161.5 Experiments and Program Examples 21Exercises 42References 432 DSP Fundamentals and Implementation Considerations 442.1 Digital Signals and Systems 442.2 System Concepts 482.3 Introduction to Random Variables 662.4 Fixed-Point Representations and Quantization Effects 722.5 Overflow and Solutions 812.6 Experiments and Program Examples 83Exercises 99References 1013 Design and Implementation of FIR Filters 1023.1 Introduction to FIR Filters 1023.2 Design of FIR Filters 1143.3 Implementation Considerations 1253.4 Applications: Interpolation and Decimation Filters 1303.5 Experiments and Program Examples 135Exercises 144References 1474 Design and Implementation of IIR Filters 1484.1 Introduction 1484.2 Design of IIR Filters 1544.3 Realization of IIR Filters 1584.4 Design of IIR Filters Using MATLAB1 1644.5 Implementation Considerations 1684.6 Practical Applications 1744.7 Experiments and Program Examples 179Exercises 191References 1945 Frequency Analysis and the Discrete Fourier Transform 1955.1 Fourier Series and Fourier Transform 1955.2 Discrete Fourier Transform 1985.3 Fast Fourier Transforms 2055.4 Implementation Considerations 2105.5 Practical Applications 2145.6 Experiments and Program Examples 224Exercises 236References 2386 Adaptive Filtering 2396.1 Introduction to Random Processes 2396.2 Adaptive Filters 2436.3 Performance Analysis 2526.4 Implementation Considerations 2556.5 Practical Applications 2596.6 Experiments and Program Examples 268Exercises 280References 2827 Digital Signal Generation and Detection 2837.1 Sine Wave Generators 2837.2 Noise Generators 2887.3 DTMF Generation and Detection 2917.4 Experiments and Program Examples 298Exercises 302References 3028 Adaptive Echo Cancellation 3048.1 Introduction to Line Echoes 3048.2 Adaptive Line Echo Canceler 3068.3 Practical Considerations 3098.4 Double-Talk Effects and Solutions 3128.5 Nonlinear Processor 3148.6 Adaptive Acoustic Echo Cancellation 3158.7 Experiments and Program Examples 323Exercises 328References 3299 Speech Signal Processing 3309.1 Speech Coding Techniques 3309.2 Speech Enhancement 3509.3 VoIP Applications 3559.4 Experiments and Program Examples 360Exercises 374References 37510 Audio Signal Processing 37710.1 Introduction 37710.2 Audio Coding 37810.3 Audio Equalizers 38910.4 Audio Effects 39710.5 Experiments and Program Examples 411Exercises 427References 42811 Introduction to Digital Image Processing 43011.1 Digital Images and Systems 43011.2 Color Spaces 43211.3 YCbCr Sub-sampled Color Space 43311.4 Color Balance and Correction 43411.5 Histogram Equalization 43711.6 Image Filtering 44011.7 Fast Convolution 44811.8 Practical Applications 45211.9 Experiments and Program Examples 461Exercises 474References 475Appendix A Some Useful Formulas and Definitions 477Appendix B Software Organization and List of Experiments 484Appendix C Introduction to the TMS320C55xx Digital Signal Processor 490References 535Index 537

Sen M. Kuo, Northern Illinois University, USABob H. Lee, Ittiam Systems, Inc., USAWenshun Tian, Sonus Networks, Inc., USA

• Preface xv Acknowledgments xix1 Introduction to Real-Time Digital Signal Processing 11.1 Basic Elements of Real-Time DSP Systems 21.2 Analog Interface 31.3 DSP Hardware 101.4 DSP System Design 161.5 Experiments and Program Examples 21Exercises 42References 432 DSP Fundamentals and Implementation Considerations 442.1 Digital Signals and Systems 442.2 System Concepts 482.3 Introduction to Random Variables 662.4 Fixed-Point Representations and Quantization Effects 722.5 Overflow and Solutions 812.6 Experiments and Program Examples 83Exercises 99References 1013 Design and Implementation of FIR Filters 1023.1 Introduction to FIR Filters 1023.2 Design of FIR Filters 1143.3 Implementation Considerations 1253.4 Applications: Interpolation and Decimation Filters 1303.5 Experiments and Program Examples 135Exercises 144References 1474 Design and Implementation of IIR Filters 1484.1 Introduction 1484.2 Design of IIR Filters 1544.3 Realization of IIR Filters 1584.4 Design of IIR Filters Using MATLAB1 1644.5 Implementation Considerations 1684.6 Practical Applications 1744.7 Experiments and Program Examples 179Exercises 191References 1945 Frequency Analysis and the Discrete Fourier Transform 1955.1 Fourier Series and Fourier Transform 1955.2 Discrete Fourier Transform 1985.3 Fast Fourier Transforms 2055.4 Implementation Considerations 2105.5 Practical Applications 2145.6 Experiments and Program Examples 224Exercises 236References 2386 Adaptive Filtering 2396.1 Introduction to Random Processes 2396.2 Adaptive Filters 2436.3 Performance Analysis 2526.4 Implementation Considerations 2556.5 Practical Applications 2596.6 Experiments and Program Examples 268Exercises 280References 2827 Digital Signal Generation and Detection 2837.1 Sine Wave Generators 2837.2 Noise Generators 2887.3 DTMF Generation and Detection 2917.4 Experiments and Program Examples 298Exercises 302References 3028 Adaptive Echo Cancellation 3048.1 Introduction to Line Echoes 3048.2 Adaptive Line Echo Canceler 3068.3 Practical Considerations 3098.4 Double-Talk Effects and Solutions 3128.5 Nonlinear Processor 3148.6 Adaptive Acoustic Echo Cancellation 3158.7 Experiments and Program Examples 323Exercises 328References 3299 Speech Signal Processing 3309.1 Speech Coding Techniques 3309.2 Speech Enhancement 3509.3 VoIP Applications 3559.4 Experiments and Program Examples 360Exercises 374References 37510 Audio Signal Processing 37710.1 Introduction 37710.2 Audio Coding 37810.3 Audio Equalizers 38910.4 Audio Effects 39710.5 Experiments and Program Examples 411Exercises 427References 42811 Introduction to Digital Image Processing 43011.1 Digital Images and Systems 43011.2 Color Spaces 43211.3 YCbCr Sub-sampled Color Space 43311.4 Color Balance and Correction 43411.5 Histogram Equalization 43711.6 Image Filtering 44011.7 Fast Convolution 44811.8 Practical Applications 45211.9 Experiments and Program Examples 461Exercises 474References 475Appendix A Some Useful Formulas and Definitions 477Appendix B Software Organization and List of Experiments 484Appendix C Introduction to the TMS320C55xx Digital Signal Processor 490References 535Index 537

Sen M. Kuo, Northern Illinois University, USABob H. Lee, Ittiam Systems, Inc., USAWenshun Tian, Sonus Networks, Inc., USA

• Preface xv Acknowledgments xix1 Introduction to Real-Time Digital Signal Processing 11.1 Basic Elements of Real-Time DSP Systems 21.2 Analog Interface 31.3 DSP Hardware 101.4 DSP System Design 161.5 Experiments and Program Examples 21Exercises 42References 432 DSP Fundamentals and Implementation Considerations 442.1 Digital Signals and Systems 442.2 System Concepts 482.3 Introduction to Random Variables 662.4 Fixed-Point Representations and Quantization Effects 722.5 Overflow and Solutions 812.6 Experiments and Program Examples 83Exercises 99References 1013 Design and Implementation of FIR Filters 1023.1 Introduction to FIR Filters 1023.2 Design of FIR Filters 1143.3 Implementation Considerations 1253.4 Applications: Interpolation and Decimation Filters 1303.5 Experiments and Program Examples 135Exercises 144References 1474 Design and Implementation of IIR Filters 1484.1 Introduction 1484.2 Design of IIR Filters 1544.3 Realization of IIR Filters 1584.4 Design of IIR Filters Using MATLAB1 1644.5 Implementation Considerations 1684.6 Practical Applications 1744.7 Experiments and Program Examples 179Exercises 191References 1945 Frequency Analysis and the Discrete Fourier Transform 1955.1 Fourier Series and Fourier Transform 1955.2 Discrete Fourier Transform 1985.3 Fast Fourier Transforms 2055.4 Implementation Considerations 2105.5 Practical Applications 2145.6 Experiments and Program Examples 224Exercises 236References 2386 Adaptive Filtering 2396.1 Introduction to Random Processes 2396.2 Adaptive Filters 2436.3 Performance Analysis 2526.4 Implementation Considerations 2556.5 Practical Applications 2596.6 Experiments and Program Examples 268Exercises 280References 2827 Digital Signal Generation and Detection 2837.1 Sine Wave Generators 2837.2 Noise Generators 2887.3 DTMF Generation and Detection 2917.4 Experiments and Program Examples 298Exercises 302References 3028 Adaptive Echo Cancellation 3048.1 Introduction to Line Echoes 3048.2 Adaptive Line Echo Canceler 3068.3 Practical Considerations 3098.4 Double-Talk Effects and Solutions 3128.5 Nonlinear Processor 3148.6 Adaptive Acoustic Echo Cancellation 3158.7 Experiments and Program Examples 323Exercises 328References 3299 Speech Signal Processing 3309.1 Speech Coding Techniques 3309.2 Speech Enhancement 3509.3 VoIP Applications 3559.4 Experiments and Program Examples 360Exercises 374References 37510 Audio Signal Processing 37710.1 Introduction 37710.2 Audio Coding 37810.3 Audio Equalizers 38910.4 Audio Effects 39710.5 Experiments and Program Examples 411Exercises 427References 42811 Introduction to Digital Image Processing 43011.1 Digital Images and Systems 43011.2 Color Spaces 43211.3 YCbCr Sub-sampled Color Space 43311.4 Color Balance and Correction 43411.5 Histogram Equalization 43711.6 Image Filtering 44011.7 Fast Convolution 44811.8 Practical Applications 45211.9 Experiments and Program Examples 461Exercises 474References 475Appendix A Some Useful Formulas and Definitions 477Appendix B Software Organization and List of Experiments 484Appendix C Introduction to the TMS320C55xx Digital Signal Processor 490References 535Index 537