Race and Representative Bureaucracy in American Policing

Brandy Kennedy is Associate Professor of Political Science and Public Administration in the Department of Government and Sociology at Georgia College and State University, USA. Her recent publications include articles in the Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory and Administration and Society.  Adam M. Butz is Assistant Professor in the Graduate Center for Public Policy and Administration at California State University, Long Beach, USA. His most recent publications include articles in Poverty & Public Policy, Evaluation Review, and the Journal of Policy Practice.Nazita Lajevardi is a Postdoctoral Fellow at Uppsala University, Sweden. Prior works cover voter identification laws, felon disenfranchisement laws, media coverage, and constituent communications.Matthew Nanes is a PhD candidate in the Department of Political Science at the University of California, San Diego, USA. His research has been published in Comparative Political Studies.

• 1.  Introduction: Race and Representative Bureaucracy in American Policing.-2.  Unpacking the Foundations of Representative Bureaucracy Theory and American Policing.-3. Passive Representation in American Policing: Trends and Changes, 1993-2013.-4. Causes of Passive Representation in American Policing: Politics and Officer Selection.-5. Active Representation in American Policing.-6.  Conclusions and Lessons for Reform.