Quinones and Quinone Enzymes, Part B

Helmut Sies, MD, PhD (hon), studied medicine at the universities of Tübingen, Munich, and Paris. He was the professor and chair of the Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany, where he is now professor emeritus. He is a member of the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina and was the president of the North Rhine-Westphalian Academy of Sciences and Arts. He was named ‘Redox Pioneer’; was the president of the Society for Free Radical Research International (SFRRI). Helmut Sies introduced the concept of “Oxidative Stress” in 1985, and was the first to reveal hydrogen peroxide as a normal constituent of aerobic cell metabolism. His research interests comprise redox biology, oxidants, antioxidants, micronutrients. Lester Packer received a PhD in Microbiology and Biochemistry in 1956 from Yale University. In 1961, he joined the University of California at Berkeley serving as Professor of Cell and Molecular Biology until 2000, and then was appointed Adjunct Professor, Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy at the University of Southern California. Dr Packer received numerous distinctions including three honorary doctoral degrees, several distinguished Professor appointments. He was awarded Chevalier de l’Ordre National du Merite (Knight of the French National Order of Merit) and later promoted to the rank of Officier. He served as President of the Society for Free Radical Research International (SFRRI), founder and Honorary President of the Oxygen Club of California. He has edited numerous books and published research; some of the most cited articles have become classics in the field of free radical biology: Dr Packer is a member of many professional societies and editorial boards. His research elucidated - the Antioxidant Network concept. Exogenous lipoic acid was discovered to be one of the most potent natural antioxidants and placed as the ultimate reductant or in the pecking order of the “Antioxidant Network” regenerating vitamins C and E and stimulating glutathione synthesis, thereby improving the overall cellular antioxidant defense. The Antioxidant Network is a concept addressing the cell’s redox status. He established a world-wide network of research programs by supporting and co-organizing conferences on free radical research and redox biology in Asia, Europe, and America.

• Section I: Mitochondrial Ubiquinone and Reductases1: Mitochondrial Quinone Reductases: Complex I2: Q-Cycle Bypass Reactions at the Qo Site of the Cytochrome bc1 (and Related) Complexes3: Targeting Coenzyme Q Derivatives to Mitochondria4: The Mitochondrial Interplay of Ubiquinol and Nitric Oxide in Endotoxemia5: Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Dysfunction Caused by Coenzyme Q Deficiency6: Coenzyme Q Cytoprotective Mechanisms7: Dietary Coenzyme Q10 and Mitochondrial StatusSection II: Anticancer Quinones and Quinone Oxidoreductases8: NAD(P)H:Quinone Oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1, DT-Diaphorase), Functions and Pharmacogenetics9: Structure and Mechanism of NAD[P]H:Quinone Acceptor Oxidoreductases (NQO)10: Diaziridinylbenzoquinones11: Quinone Reductase–Mediated Nitro-Reduction: Clinical Applications12: Bioactivation and Resistance to Mitomycin C13: NAD(P)H:Quinone Oxidoreductase 1 Expression, Hydrogen Peroxide Levels, and Growth Phase in HeLa Cells14: The “Prochaska” Microtiter Plate Bioassay for Inducers of NQO115: Structure-Activity Relationships in Two-Electron Reduction of Quinones16: p53-Dependent Apoptosis and NAD(P)H:Quinone Oxidoreductase 117: The Role of Endogenous Catechol Quinones in the Initiation of Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases18: Induction of NQO1 in Cancer CellsSection III: Quinone Reductases: Chemoprevention and Nutrition19: Role of Nicotinamide Quinone Oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) in Protection against Toxicity of Electrophiles and Reactive Oxygen Intermediates20: Activation and Detoxification of Naphthoquinones by NAD(P)H: Quinone Oxidoreductase21: Induction of Quinone Reductase as a Primary Screen for Natural Product Anticarcinogens22: Chemoprevention by 1,2-Dithiole-3-Thiones Through Induction of NQO1 and Other Phase 2 Enzymes23: Chemical Structures of Inducers of Nicotinamide Quinone Oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1)24: Induction of Phase II Enzymes by Aliphatic Sulfides Derived from Garlic and Onions: An Overview25: Upregulation of Quinone Reductase by Glucosinolate Hydrolysis Products From Dietary BroccoliSection IV: Quinones and Age-Related Diseases26: Therapeutic Effects of Coenzyme Q10 in Neurodegenerative Diseases27: Neuroprotective Actions of Coenzyme Q10 in Parkinson's DiseaseAuthor IndexSubject Index