Erin Pobjie is Assistant Professor of International Law at Essex Law School and a Senior Research Affiliate at the Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law. She is co-Rapporteur of the International Law Association's Committee on the Use of Force.

• Introduction; Part I. Treaty vs Custom: Introduction 1. How and when did the customary prohibition of the use of force emerge? The status of the customary norm pre-1945; 2. Baxter's paradox and the customary prohibition of the use of force; 3. The relationship between the customary prohibition of the use of force and article 2(4) of the UN Charter; Part II. Elements of Prohibited Force: Introduction 4. Contextual elements of a prohibited 'use of force' – international relations; 5. Elements of 'use of force' – Means; 6. Elements of 'use of force' – Effects, gravity and intention; Part III. Defining Prohibited Force: 7. Anomalous examples of 'use of force' and non-'use of force' under article 2(4) of the UN Charter; 8. The meaning of prohibited 'use of force' in international law; Conclusion: a definition of prohibited 'use of force'; Bibliography; Index.

'Erin Pobjie's Prohibited Force is an extraordinary book. Its combination of theoretical sophistication and empirical rigor is both striking and rare. … I expect to return to [the early chapters] often. … I have learned so much from Pobjie's outstanding book.' Adil Ahmad Haque, Professor of Law and Judge Jon O. Newman Scholar at Rutgers Law School, author of Law and Morality at War (OUP, 2017)

Erin Pobjie is Assistant Professor of International Law at Essex Law School and a Senior Research Affiliate at the Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law. She is co-Rapporteur of the International Law Association's Committee on the Use of Force.

• Introduction; Part I. Treaty vs Custom: Introduction 1. How and when did the customary prohibition of the use of force emerge? The status of the customary norm pre-1945; 2. Baxter's paradox and the customary prohibition of the use of force; 3. The relationship between the customary prohibition of the use of force and article 2(4) of the UN Charter; Part II. Elements of Prohibited Force: Introduction 4. Contextual elements of a prohibited 'use of force' – international relations; 5. Elements of 'use of force' – Means; 6. Elements of 'use of force' – Effects, gravity and intention; Part III. Defining Prohibited Force: 7. Anomalous examples of 'use of force' and non-'use of force' under article 2(4) of the UN Charter; 8. The meaning of prohibited 'use of force' in international law; Conclusion: a definition of prohibited 'use of force'; Bibliography; Index.

'Erin Pobjie's Prohibited Force is an extraordinary book. Its combination of theoretical sophistication and empirical rigor is both striking and rare. … I expect to return to [the early chapters] often. … I have learned so much from Pobjie's outstanding book.' Adil Ahmad Haque, Professor of Law and Judge Jon O. Newman Scholar at Rutgers Law School, author of Law and Morality at War (OUP, 2017)

Erin Pobjie is Assistant Professor of International Law at Essex Law School and a Senior Research Affiliate at the Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law. She is co-Rapporteur of the International Law Association's Committee on the Use of Force.

• Introduction; Part I. Treaty vs Custom: Introduction 1. How and when did the customary prohibition of the use of force emerge? The status of the customary norm pre-1945; 2. Baxter's paradox and the customary prohibition of the use of force; 3. The relationship between the customary prohibition of the use of force and article 2(4) of the UN Charter; Part II. Elements of Prohibited Force: Introduction 4. Contextual elements of a prohibited 'use of force' – international relations; 5. Elements of 'use of force' – Means; 6. Elements of 'use of force' – Effects, gravity and intention; Part III. Defining Prohibited Force: 7. Anomalous examples of 'use of force' and non-'use of force' under article 2(4) of the UN Charter; 8. The meaning of prohibited 'use of force' in international law; Conclusion: a definition of prohibited 'use of force'; Bibliography; Index.

'Erin Pobjie's Prohibited Force is an extraordinary book. Its combination of theoretical sophistication and empirical rigor is both striking and rare. … I expect to return to [the early chapters] often. … I have learned so much from Pobjie's outstanding book.' Adil Ahmad Haque, Professor of Law and Judge Jon O. Newman Scholar at Rutgers Law School, author of Law and Morality at War (OUP, 2017)