Programming Mobile Devices

Tommi Mikkonen is a professor of software engineering at Tampere University of Technology. He has been the head of the Institute of Software Systems since 2002, and has been responsible for numerous research projects as well as supervised a number of thesis works. His research interests include DisCo, Practise, software evolution, mobile systems, distributed systems, software architectures, and aspect-oriented software development.

• Foreword by Jan Bosch xiForeword by Antero Taivalsaari xvPreface xviiAcknowledgments xxi1 Introduction 11.1 Motivation 11.1.1 Leaking Abstractions 11.1.2 Allocation Responsibility 31.2 Commonly Used Hardware and Software 41.2.1 Computing Hardware 51.2.2 Low-Level Software Infrastructure 131.2.3 Run-Time Infrastructure 141.2.4 Software Stack 201.3 Development Process 211.4 Chapter Overview 231.5 Summary 251.6 Exercises 252 Memory Management 272.1 Overview 272.2 Strategies for Allocating Variables to Memory 272.2.1 Static Allocation 282.2.2 Stack 282.2.3 Heap 302.3 Design Patterns for Limited Memory 312.3.1 Linear Data Structures 312.3.2 Basic Design Decisions 322.3.3 Data Packing 342.3.4 Discussion 362.4 Memory Management in Mobile Java 372.4.1 Motivation 372.4.2 Rules of Thumb for Mobile Java 392.5 Symbian OS Memory Management 422.5.1 Naming Conventions 432.5.2 Descriptors 452.5.3 Exceptions 462.5.4 Combining Exceptions and Allocation 482.5.5 Cleanup Stack 492.5.6 Two-Phase Construction 522.5.7 Factory Methods for Two-Phase Construction 542.5.8 Using Symbian Conventions 552.6 Summary 572.7 Exercises 583 Applications 613.1 What Constitutes an Application? 613.2 Workflow for Application Development 623.2.1 Scoping 633.2.2 Performance Considerations 633.2.3 User Interface Design 643.2.4 Data Model and Memory Concerns 653.2.5 Communications and I/O 653.3 Techniques for Composing Applications 663.3.1 Event-Based Programming 673.3.2 Model-View-Controller as the Application Architecture 683.3.3 Auxiliary Files 703.3.4 Managing Applications 713.3.5 Practicalities 733.4 Application Models in Mobile Java 733.4.1 Configurations 743.4.2 Profiles 763.4.3 Sample MIDP Java Application 803.5 Symbian OS Application Infrastructure 843.5.1 Overview 853.5.2 Resource File 863.5.3 Attaching Application to Run-Time Infrastructure 883.5.4 Application 893.5.5 Document 913.5.6 User Interface 933.5.7 View 963.5.8 Engine 983.5.9 Generating Installation Package 1023.6 Summary 1023.7 Exercises 1034 Dynamic Linking 1054.1 Overview 1054.1.1 Motivation 1054.1.2 Release Definition Using Dynamically Linked Libraries 1064.1.3 Required Implementation Facilities 1074.1.4 Static versus Dynamic DLLs 1074.1.5 Challenges with Using DLLs 1084.2 Implementation Techniques 1094.3 Implementing Plugins 1114.3.1 Plugin Principles 1114.3.2 Implementation-Level Concerns 1134.4 Managing Memory Consumption Related to Dynamically Linked Libraries 1144.4.1 Memory Limit 1144.4.2 Interface Design Principles 1154.4.3 Merging Elements 1174.5 Rules of Thumb for Using Dynamically Loaded Libraries 1184.6 Mobile Java and Dynamic Linking 1184.7 Symbian OS Dynamic Libraries 1204.7.1 Standard Structure of Dynamically Linked Libraries 1204.7.2 Managing Binary Compatibility 1224.7.3 ECOM Component Model 1244.8 Summary 1254.9 Exercises 1265 Concurrency 1275.1 Motivation 1275.2 Infrastructure for Concurrent Programming 1275.2.1 Threading 1285.2.2 Inter-Thread Communication 1285.2.3 Common Problems 1295.3 Faking Concurrency 1305.4 MIDP Java and Concurrency 1325.4.1 Threading in Virtual Machine 1325.4.2 Using Threads in Mobile Java 1325.4.3 Problems with Java Threading 1355.5 Symbian OS and Concurrency 1355.5.1 Overview 1355.5.2 Sample Active Object 1415.5.3 Active Objects and Applications 1455.5.4 Problems with Active Objects 1455.6 Summary 1465.7 Exercises 1476 Managing Resources 1496.1 Resource-Related Concerns in Mobile Devices 1496.1.1 Overview 1496.1.2 Grouping Resource Managers 1516.1.3 Separating Resource Managers 1526.1.4 Resource-Hosting Virtual Machine 1556.2 Common Concerns 1566.2.1 Overview 1566.2.2 Extension and Adaptation 1566.2.3 Performance 1586.2.4 Energy Management 1596.2.5 Internal Resource Management 1606.3 MIDP Java 1616.3.1 Basic Elements 1626.3.2 Compatibility between Different Devices 1646.4 Symbian OS 1656.4.1 Servers as a Mechanism of Resource Management 1656.4.2 Implementing Servers 1676.4.3 Adapting Servers to Hardware 1716.4.4 Problems with Servers 1736.5 Summary 1736.6 Exercises 1747 Networking 1777.1 Introduction 1777.1.1 Basic Connectivity 1777.1.2 Stateful and Stateless Systems 1787.1.3 Infrastructure Assisted or Ad-hoc Networking? 1807.2 Design Patterns for Networking Environment 1817.3 Problems with Networking Facilities and Implementations 1847.4 MIDP Java and Web Services 1857.4.1 Web Services Overview 1857.4.2 Using Web Services with Mobile Java 1877.5 Symbian OS and Bluetooth Facilities 1897.5.1 Bluetooth Introduction 1897.5.2 Bluetooth in Symbian 1917.6 Summary 1947.7 Exercises 1948 Security 1978.1 Overview 1978.2 Secure Coding and Design 1988.2.1 Mindset for Secure Design 1988.2.2 Sample Security-Related Design Patterns 1998.3 Infrastructure for Enabling Secured Execution 2018.3.1 Goals for Security Features 2018.3.2 Supporting Hardware and Software Facilities 2038.4 Security Features in MIDP Java 2058.4.1 Low-Level Security 2058.4.2 Application-Level Security 2068.4.3 End-to-End Security 2088.4.4 Problems 2088.5 Symbian OS Security Features 2088.5.1 Low-Level Security 2098.5.2 Application-Level Security 2098.5.3 End-to-End Security 2118.5.4 Problems with Symbian OS Security Features 2128.6 Summary 2128.7 Exercises 213References 215Index 219