Proceedings of the Tenth Seminar of the IATS, 2003. Volume 5: Bhutan

John Ardussi, Ph.D. (1977) in Asian Civilizations, Australian National University (Canberra), is a private scholar specializing in Tibetan and Bhutanese history, and an affiliate member of the CNRS research team 'Centre de recherche sur les civilisations chinoise, japonaise et tibétaine.' In addition, he is a professional engineer in the aviation electronics industry. His present research focuses on 16th - 20th century Himalayan history, traditional technologies and economics. He has written numerous articles on the history of Bhutan and Tibet and is completing a translation of the 4th Druk Desi Tenzin Rabgye's biography.Françoise Pommaret, Ph.D. (1987) is an ethno-historian, Director of research at the CNRS, Paris, and advisor for History and Anthropology at the Institute of Language and Culture at the Royal University of Bhutan. She has been associated with Bhutan in different capacities since 1979 and has published numerous scholarly articles and books. She was the co-editor and co-author of Bhutan: Mountain Fortress of the Gods,(London, 1997) and the editor of Lhasa in the Seventeenth Century, (Brill, Leiden 2003).