Problems and Solutions in Structural Geology and Tectonics

Andrea Billi, PhD, is a Senior Scientist (Primo Ricercatore) in geology at the National Research Council (CNR-IGAG) of Rome, Italy. He received his Ph.D. degree in Geodynamics from Roma Tre University of Rome in 2001 and a M. Geology degree in 1994 from Sapienza University of Rome. Dr. Billi is a versatile structural geologist and tectonician focusing on research fields as diverse as fault zone architecture, seismic faults, regional geodynamics, tsunamis, travertines, and hydrothermalism (www.andreabilli.com). He has been serving for years in the Editorial Boards of the Journal of Structural Geology and Frontiers in Earth Science. His research and editorial experience spans almost 20 years. He has authored about 70 scientific papers and revised, as reviewer or editor, more than 200 papers for more than 30 scientific journals. He has received multiple mention awards for excellence in reviewing from journals such as Tectonics and Journal of Structural Geology. He presently teaches Brittle Structural Geology at the M. Course of Sapienza University of Rome. Ake Fagereng, PhD, is a Lecturer in Structural Geology at Cardiff University, U.K. He received his PhD in geology from Otago University, New Zealand in 2010, and went on to a position as Lecturer and then Senior Lecturer at the University of Cape Town, South Africa. Since 2014 he has been a Lecturer in Structural Geology in the School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, U.K. He still holds a position as Honorary Research Associate at UCT, spending time doing fieldwork and supervising students in Southern Africa. He has taught structural geology and tectonics at all levels from year 1 undergraduate to graduate level. He has edited a book, Geology of the Earthquake Source, for the Geological Society of London, is a regular reviewer for numerous international journals, and an Associate Editor for Geophysical Research Letters. He has published 39 papers in international, peer reviewed journals, and was awarded the Outstanding Young Scientist Award of the EGU Tectonics and Structural Geology Division in 2016.

• Integrating Observation and Interpretation to Understand Tectonics, Past and Present1. Cross-section construction and balancing: examples from the Spanish Pyrenees2. Techniques for describing the structural geology of cratonic fault and fold zones3. Using geodesy data in structural geology4. What do earthquake magnitudes mean? Example of the Kaikoura, New Zealand, 2016 eventRelating Observed Deformation to Stress and/or Strain History5. Fluid pressure effects on deformation - Analysis of the Lusi Mud Volcano6. Using Length/Throw ratio to assess the fitness of a fault framework interpretation7. Pure Shear Kinematics8. Strain Analysis9. Unfolding veined fold limbs to deduce a basin’s prefolding state of stressObservations and Interpretations in Fieldwork and Hand Specimens10. Recognition of structures in mid-crustal shear zones and how to discern between them11. Early or late structures in thermogene travertines? Open-air lessons across Rome to focus on and answer this question12. Characterizing Specimens from the Mid-Atlantic Appalachians in a Wilson Cycle Framework 13. Integrating Structural and Stratigraphic Field Data to Build a Tectonic Model for the Mid-Atlantic Appalachian Orogenic CycleAdding Modern Methods to Field Geology14. From GoogleEarth to 3-D Geology Problem 1: Understanding structures and generating geological maps using GoogleEarth15. From GoogleEarth to 3-D Geology Problem 2: Seeing below the surface of the Digital Earth16. Structural interpretation of remote sensing imagesGeophysical and Structural Techniques in Petroleum Geoscience and Borehole Projects17. Understanding reservoir compartmentalization using Shale Gouge Ratio18. How fault displacement patterns can be applied to investigate trap integrity19. A numerical study of epithermal neutron log and application of image logNovel Integration of Mathematical Methods, Computer Science, and Structural Geology20. Boolean logic in Fluid Flow21. Using Graph Theory to represent Fracture Networks22. Synthesis of folds in 3D with Bezier surface

"In short, a commendable work that presents a compendio of varied exercises to get into some of the practical problems associated with structural geology tural and tectonics. The reader will find from theoretical cases to others whose resolution implies solving problems more of interest to society, is to reconstruct how much moves and deforms a region of the earth's surface, assess the significance of the magnitude of an earthquake or reconstruct what shape and characteristics some have structures in the subsoil. In times when we have- We need to encourage our students to understand give the potentiality and practical use of our science, and for society to know and recognize the usefulness of our another profession, this work provides some useful examples for necessary task of training future professionals. As Lynn Fichter and Steven Whitmeyer point out in the book: "all models are wrong, but some of them are useful"." --OTRAS Publication