Privatization in Turkey

Ahmet Zaifer Ph.D. (2016), SOAS, University of London, is Associate Professor of International Relations at the University of Kyrenia. He has published book reviews, translations and many articles on privatization and Turkey. Recent articles have appeared in Critical Sociology, Review of Radical Political Economics, and Journal of Historical Sociology.

• AcknowledgementsList of Illustrations1 Introducing the Privatization in Turkey1 Theoretical Approaches to Privatization1.1 Liberal Approaches1.2 Institutionalist Approaches1.3 Marxian Approaches2 An Analytical Framework for Understanding the Privatization Process2.1 Contemporary Capitalism Is the Context that Brought Privatization Policy to the Fore2.2 The State Is an Integral Element of the Privatization Processes2.3 A Power Bloc Is the Key Class Agent behind Privatization2.4 Privatization Is a Constitutive Element of Domestic Accumulation Strategies3 Understanding Privatization in Turkey – the Structure of the Book2 The Development of soe s in Turkey in Historical Perspective1 soe s and Consolidation of Capitalism in Turkey: 1923–19452 soe s and Post-war Expansion of Capitalism in Turkey: 1946–19603 soe s, Duty Losses and Class Compromises: 1961–19804 Conclusion3 To Privatize or Not to Privatize? Interventions to Privatization Process: 1984–20011 The World Bank and Foreignization Campaign of the Power Bloc: 1984–19932 The imf Programs, Intra-capital and Intra-state Conflicts: 1994–20012.1 tüsİad-based Holdings and Privatization2.2 Intra-capital Conflicts and Privatization2.3 Intra-state Conflicts and Privatization3 Conclusion4 The Acceleration of Privatization in the Post-2001 Era: 2002 to 20091 Privatization and Internal Restructuring of Accumulation Strategies2 Privatization and Different Fractions of the Power Bloc2.1 Privatization and tüsİad Holdings2.2 Privatization and Islamic-Influenced Anatolian Capital Groups2.3 Privatization and Foreign Capital2.4 Privatization and the akp Government3 Privatization and Resistance3.1 Sporadic Labor Resistances: Seka, Tüpraş …3.2 Türk-Metal Union and Domestic Private Iron-Steel Companies: Erdemir4 Institutional Reforms and Overcoming Barriers5 Conclusion5 The Expansion of Privatization Public-Private Partnerships: 2010–20181 Conceptualization of the ppp Phenomenon2 Broad Contours of ppp Implementations in Turkey during the 2010s3 Dynamics behind Acceleration of ppp s in Turkey during the 2010s3.1 Domestic Capital Accumulation3.2 Power Bloc3.3 State4 Case Studies4.1 Bosporus (Eurasia) Tunnel4.2 Gebze-Orhangazi-İzmir Motorway (incl. Osmangazi Bridge)4.3 Third International Airport for İstanbul4.4 Northern Marmara Motorway (incl. Third Bosporus Bridge)4.5 Dardanelles Bridge and Kınalı-Balıkesir Motorway (Malkara-Çanakkale Section)4.6 Healthcare Campus Projects (City Hospitals)5 Conclusion6 Comparing Alternatives to Privatization1 Implications of the Turkish Privatization Experience2 What Is a Substantial Alternative to Privatization?2.1 Traditional State Ownership and Control2.2 Corporatization2.3 Democratic Control3 The Question of Strategy: How to Construct and Defend a Substantial Alternative?3.1 Building Alliances3.2 Making the State an Operationally Contested Space/Process4 ConclusionAppendix 1 tüsİad-based ConglomeratesAppendix 2 Islamic-Influenced and/or Anatolian Companies Having Close Relations with akp-ErdoğanAppendix 3 Divestitures in Turkey between 2010 and 2018ReferencesIndex