Michael L. Platt, Ph.D., is an Associate Professor of Neurobiology and Evolutionary Anthropology at Duke University, and Director of the Center for Cognitive Neuroscience.Asif A. Ghazanfar, Ph.D., is an Assistant Professor in the Neuroscience Institute and Departments of Psychology and Ecology & Evolutionary Biology at Princeton University.

• 1. Introduction ; Michael L. Platt and Asif A. Ghazanfar ; 2. Primate Classification and Diversity ; Matt Cartmill ; 3. Primate Locomotor Evolution: Biomechanical Studies of Primate Locomotion and Their Implications for Understanding Primate Neuroethology ; Daniel Schmitt ; 4. Foraging Cognition in Nonhuman Primates ; Klaus Zuberbuhler and Karline Janmaat ; 5. Primate Vocal Communication ; Robert M. Seyfarth and Dorothy L. Cheney ; 6. Rational Decision Making in Primates: The Bounded and the Ecological ; Jeffrey R. Stevens ; 7. Primate Social Cognition: Thirty Years After Premack and Woodruff ; Alexandra G. Rosati, Laurie R. Santos and Brian Hare ; 8. Behavioral Signatures of Numerical Cognition ; Elizabeth M. Brannon, Kerry E. Jordan and Sarah M. Jones ; 9. The Foundations of Transdisciplinary Behavioral Science ; Herbert Gintis ; 10. Sensory and Motor Systems in Primates ; Jon H. Kaas ; 11. Vision: A Neuroethological Perspective ; Benjamin Y. Hayden ; 12. Circuits of Visual Attention ; Tirin Moore, Robert J. Schafer and Behrad Noudoost ; 13. Vocalizations as Auditory Objects: Behavior and Neurophysiology ; Cory T. Miller and Yale E. Cohen ; 14. Encoding and Beyond in the Motor Cortex ; Nicholas G. Hatsopoulos, Maryam Saleh, and Julian A. Mattiello ; 15. Looking at Sounds: Neural Mechanisms in the Primate Brain ; Jennifer M. Groh and Dinesh K. Pai ; 16. Circuits of Emotion in the Primate Brain ; Katalin M. Gothard and Kari L. Hoffman ; 17. Neurophysiological Correlates of Reward Learning ; Wolfram Schultz ; 18. Associative Memory in the Medial Temporal Lobe ; Yuji Naya and Wendy A. Suzuki ; 19. Neurobiology of Social Behavior ; Dario Maestripieri ; 20. Neural Bases of Numerical Cognition ; Andreas Nieder ; 21. Executive Control Circuits ; Jonathan D. Wallis ; 22. Reinventing Primate Neuroscience for the Twenty-First Century ; Todd M. Preuss ; 23. Ethologically Relevant Movements Mapped on the Motor Cortex ; Michael S. A. Graziano ; 24. Object Recognition: Physiological and Computational Insights ; Doris Y. Tsao, Charles F. Cadieu, and Margaret S. Livingstone ; 25. The Primate Frontal and Temporal Lobes and Their Role in Multisensory Vocal Communication ; Lizabeth M. Romanski and Asif A. Ghazanfar ; 26. Neuroethology of Attention in Primates ; Stephen V. Shepherd and Michael L. Platt ; 27. Neuroethology of Decision Making ; Daeyeol Lee ; 28. Out of Our Minds: The Neuroethology of Primate Strategic Behavior ; Louise Barrett and Drew Rendall ; 29. The Comparative Neuropsychology of Tool Use in Primates with Specific Reference to Chimpanzees and Capuchin Monkeys ; William D. Hopkins ; 30. Evolution of an Intellectual Mind in the Primate Brain ; Atsushi Iriki, Yumiko Yamazaki, and Osamu Sakura