Pre-Earthquake Processes

Dimitar Ouzounov, Chapman University, USA Sergey Pulinets, Space Research Institute, Russia Katsumi Hattori, Chiba University, Japan Patrick Taylor, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, USA

• Contributors viiPreface xiAcknowledgments xiiiPart I: Historical Development of Pre-Earthquake Phenomena Studies1 International Cooperation in Pre‐Earthquake Studies: History and New DirectionsSeiya Uyeda and Toshiyasu Nagao 32 Earthquake Precursor Studies in JapanMasashi Hayakawa 73 Pre‐Earthquake Observations and Their Application in Earthquake Prediction in China: A Review of Historical and Recent ProgressHui Wang, Yongxian Zhang, Jie Liu, Xuhui Shen, Huaizhong Yu, Zaisen Jiang, and Guomin Zhang 194 Multidisciplinary Earthquake Precursor Studies in Taiwan: A Review and Future ProspectsYi‐Ben Tsai, Jann‐Yenq(Tiger) Liu, Tzay‐Chyn Shin, Hong‐Yuan Yen, and Chieh‐Hung Chen 41 5 Contributions to a History of Earthquake Prediction ResearchGiovanni Martinelli 67Part II: Latest Physical Models and Concepts of Pre-Earthquake Processes6 Lithosphere–Atmosphere–Ionosphere–Magnetosphere Coupling—A Concept for Pre‐Earthquake Signals GenerationSergey Pulinets, Dimitar Ouzounov, Alexander Karelin, and Dmitry Davidenko 797 Electrical Coupling Between the Ionosphere and Surface Charges in the Earthquake Fault ZoneCheng‐Ling Kuo, Yi‐Ying Ho, and Lou‐Chuang Lee 99Part III: Pre-Earthquake Seismic Phenomena8 Short‐Term Foreshocks and Earthquake PredictionGerassimos Papadopoulos, George Minadakis, and Katerina Orfanogiannaki 1279 Recent Developments in the Detection of Seismicity Patterns for the Italian RegionAntonella Peresan 14910 Combining Probabilistic Seismicity Models with Precursory InformationPeter Shebalin 173Part IV: Ground Geochemical and Electromagnetic Observations of Major Seismicity11 Continuous Monitoring of Fluid and Gas Geochemistry for Seismic Study in TaiwanChing‐Chou Fu and Lou‐Chuang Lee 19912 Geochemical and Fluid‐Related Precursors of Earthquakes: Previous and Ongoing Research TrendsGiovanni Martinelli and Andrea Dadomo 21913 Statistical Analysis and Assessment of Ultralow Frequency Magnetic Signals in Japan As Potential Earthquake PrecursorsKatsumi Hattori and Peng Han 229Part V: Atmospheric/Thermal Signals Associated with Major Earthquakes14 Robust Satellite Techniques for Detecting Preseismic Thermal AnomaliesValerio Tramutoli, Carolina Filizzola, Nicola Genzano, and Mariano Lisi 24315 Thermal Radiation Anomalies Associated with Major EarthquakesDimitar Ouzounov, Sergey Pulinets, Menas C. Kafatos, and Patrick Taylor 259Part VI: Ionospheric Processes Associated with Major Earthquakes16 Very‐Low‐ to Low‐Frequency Sounding of Ionospheric Perturbations and Possible Association with EarthquakesMasashi Hayakawa, Tomokazu Asano, Alexander Rozhnoi, and Maria Solovieva 27717 Application of Total Electron Content Derived from the Global Navigation Satellite System for Detecting Earthquake PrecursorsJann‐Yenq (Tiger) Liu, Katsumi Hattori, and Yuh‐Ing Chen 30518 Statistical Analysis of the Ionospheric Density Recorded by the DEMETER Satellite During Seismic ActivityMichel Parrot and Mei Li 319Part VII: Interdisciplinary Approach to Earthquake Forecasts/Predictions19 Significant Cases of Preseismic Thermal Infrared AnomaliesValerio Tramutoli, Nicola Genzano, Mariano Lisi, and Nicola Pergola 33120 Multiparameter Assessment of Pre‐Earthquake Atmospheric SignalsDimitar Ouzounov, Sergey Pulinets, Jann‐Yenq (Tiger) Liu, Katsumi Hattori, and Peng Han 339Index 361