William G. Howell is Assistant Professor of Government at Harvard University. In 2001 he received both the E.E. Schattschneider Award for the best dissertation in American politics, from the American Political Science Association, and the Center for Presidential Studies prize for the best dissertation on the presidency.

• *Frontmatter, pg. i*Contents, pg. vii*List of Figures, pg. ix*List of Tables, pg. xi*Preface, pg. xiii*1. Presidential Power in the Modern Era, pg. 1*2. A Formal Representation of Unilateral Action, pg. 24*3. Bridge Building, pg. 55*4. Theory Testing, pg. 76*5. Congressional Constraints on Presidential Power, pg. 101*6. The Institutional Foundations of Judicial Deference, pg. 136*7. Conclusion, pg. 175*Appendix 1. Coding of Executive Orders, pg. 189*Appendix 2. Proofs of Propositions in the Unilateral Politics Model, pg. 192*Appendix 3. Identifying Congressional Challenges to Executive Orders, pg. 196*Appendix 4. Federal Court Challenges to Executive Orders, pg. 198*Notes, pg. 203*Bibliography, pg. 219*Index, pg. 231

Winner of the 2015 Legacy Award, Presidents and Executive Politics Section of the American Political Science Association One of Choice's Outstanding Academic Titles for 2004 "This must read shows the civics text version of the US system turned upside down."--Choice

William G. Howell is Assistant Professor of Government at Harvard University. In 2001 he received both the E.E. Schattschneider Award for the best dissertation in American politics, from the American Political Science Association, and the Center for Presidential Studies prize for the best dissertation on the presidency.

• *Frontmatter, pg. i*Contents, pg. vii*List of Figures, pg. ix*List of Tables, pg. xi*Preface, pg. xiii*1. Presidential Power in the Modern Era, pg. 1*2. A Formal Representation of Unilateral Action, pg. 24*3. Bridge Building, pg. 55*4. Theory Testing, pg. 76*5. Congressional Constraints on Presidential Power, pg. 101*6. The Institutional Foundations of Judicial Deference, pg. 136*7. Conclusion, pg. 175*Appendix 1. Coding of Executive Orders, pg. 189*Appendix 2. Proofs of Propositions in the Unilateral Politics Model, pg. 192*Appendix 3. Identifying Congressional Challenges to Executive Orders, pg. 196*Appendix 4. Federal Court Challenges to Executive Orders, pg. 198*Notes, pg. 203*Bibliography, pg. 219*Index, pg. 231

Winner of the 2015 Legacy Award, Presidents and Executive Politics Section of the American Political Science Association One of Choice's Outstanding Academic Titles for 2004 "This must read shows the civics text version of the US system turned upside down."--Choice

William G. Howell is Assistant Professor of Government at Harvard University. In 2001 he received both the E.E. Schattschneider Award for the best dissertation in American politics, from the American Political Science Association, and the Center for Presidential Studies prize for the best dissertation on the presidency.

• *Frontmatter, pg. i*Contents, pg. vii*List of Figures, pg. ix*List of Tables, pg. xi*Preface, pg. xiii*1. Presidential Power in the Modern Era, pg. 1*2. A Formal Representation of Unilateral Action, pg. 24*3. Bridge Building, pg. 55*4. Theory Testing, pg. 76*5. Congressional Constraints on Presidential Power, pg. 101*6. The Institutional Foundations of Judicial Deference, pg. 136*7. Conclusion, pg. 175*Appendix 1. Coding of Executive Orders, pg. 189*Appendix 2. Proofs of Propositions in the Unilateral Politics Model, pg. 192*Appendix 3. Identifying Congressional Challenges to Executive Orders, pg. 196*Appendix 4. Federal Court Challenges to Executive Orders, pg. 198*Notes, pg. 203*Bibliography, pg. 219*Index, pg. 231

Winner of the 2015 Legacy Award, Presidents and Executive Politics Section of the American Political Science Association One of Choice's Outstanding Academic Titles for 2004 "This must read shows the civics text version of the US system turned upside down."--Choice