Robert H. Miller is an engineering consultant specializing in power system operation, communications, and control. He previously worked as Assistant manager of the Power Control Department at Pacific Gas & Electrical Company. He also spent approximately five years in Brazil and other Latin American countries as a consultant on power system communication, operation, and control. Mr. Miller is a senior member of the IEEE Power Engineering Society, a registered electrical engineer, and the author of technical papers on communications and power system operation. James H. Malinowski recently took early retirement from his position of manager of the Power Control Department at Pacific Gas & Electrical Company and is participating in the start-up of a company, Industrial Peer-to-Peer, Inc., which provides the state-of-the-art computer-network-based operational datat display systems to the electric utilityand other process control industries. Mr. Malinowski is a senior member of the IEEE Power Engineering Society, a registered electrical engineer, and he also has been active in various industry organizations, including the California Power Pool and the Western Systems Coordinating Council Operations Committee.