Power Electronics, A First Course

Ned Mohan, PhD, joined the University of Minnesota in 1975, where he is currently Oscar A. Schott Professor of Power Electronic Systems and Morse-Alumni Distinguished Professor. He is a Fellow of the IEEE and a member of the National Academy of Engineering. He is also a Regents Professor at the University and Minnesota and has published six textbooks with Wiley. Siddharth Raju is a Research Assistant Professor at the University of Minnesota and a co-author of Analysis and Control of Electric Drives: Simulations and Laboratory Implementation (2020). He is the founder of Sciamble Corp., a startup specializing in rapid real-time prototyping solutions.

• List of Simulation and Hardware Implementation Example and Figures xiiiPreface xvAcknowledgment xviiAbout the Companion Website xixChapter 1 Power Electronics: An Enabling Technology 11.1 Introduction to Power Electronics 11.2 Applications and the Role of Power Electronics 21.3 Energy and the Environment: Role of Power Electronics in Providing Sustainable Electric Energy 41.4 Need for High Efficiency and High Power Density 81.5 Structure of Power Electronics Interface 91.6 Voltage-Link-Structure 111.7 Recent Advances in Solid-State Devices Based on Wide Bandgap (WBG) Materials 161.8 Use of Simulation and Hardware Prototyping 16References 17Problems 18Chapter 2 Design of Switching Power-poles 212.1 Power Transistors and Power Diodes 212.2 Selection of Power Transistors 222.3 Selection of Power Diodes 242.4 Switching Characteristics and Power Losses in Power Poles 252.5 Justifying Switches and Diodes as Ideal 302.6 Design Considerations 312.7 The PWM IC 342.8 Hardware Prototyping 35References 36Problems 36Appendix 2A Diode Reverse Recovery and Power Losses 37    Chapter 3 Switch-mode Dc-dc Converters: Switching Analysis, Topology Selection, and Design 413.1 DC-DC Converters 413.2 Switching Power-Pole in DC Steady State 413.3 Simplifying Assumptions 453.4 Common Operating Principles 463.5 Buck Converter Switching Analysis in DC Steady State 463.6 Boost Converter Switching Analysis in DC Steady State 513.7 Buck-Boost Converter Analysis in DC Steady State 573.8 Topology Selection 653.9 Worst-Case Design 663.10 Synchronous-Rectified Buck Converter for Very Low Output Voltages 663.11 Interleaving of Converters 713.12 Regulation of DC-DC Converters by PWM 713.13 Dynamic Average Representation of Converters in CCM 723.14 Bi-Directional Switching Power-Pole 743.15 Discontinuous-Conduction Mode (DCM) 75References 86Problems 86Appendix 3A Average Representation in Discontinuous- Conduction Mode (DCM) 92Chapter 4 Designing Feedback Controllers in Switch-mode Dc Power Supplies 974.1 Introduction and Objectives of Feedback Control 974.2 Review of Linear Control Theory 984.3 Linearization of Various Transfer Function Blocks 1004.4 Feedback Controller Design in Voltage-Mode Control 1064.5 Peak-Current Mode Control 1134.6 Feedback Controller Design in DCM 123References 124Problems 124Appendix 4A Bode Plots of Transfer Functions with Poles and Zeros 125Appendix 4B Transfer Functions in Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM) 128Appendix 4C Derivation of Parameters of the Controller Transfer Functions 134Chapter 5 Rectification of Utility Input Using Diode Rectifiers 139Rectifiers 1395.1 Introduction 1395.2 Distortion and Power Factor 1405.3 Classifying the “Front-End” of Power Electronic Systems 148Electronic Systems 1485.4 Diode-Rectifier Bridge “Front-End” 1485.5 Means to Avoid Transient Inrush Currents at Starting 1565.6 Front-Ends with Bi-Directional Power Flow 157References 157Problems 157Chapter 6 Power-factor-correction (PFC) Circuits And Designing the Feedback Controller And Designing the Feedback Controller 159 6.1 Introduction 1596.2 Operating Principle of Single-Phase PFCS 1596.3 Control of PFCS 1626.4 Designing the Inner Average-Current-Control Loop 1636.5 Designing the Outer Voltage-Control Loop 1656.6 Example of Single-Phase PFC Systems 1676.7 Simulation Results 1686.8 Feedforward of the Input Voltage 1696.9 Other Control Methods for PFCS 169References 170Problems 170Appendix 6A Proof that IˆS3/IˆL2 =1/2Appendix 6b Proof That V ̃d I ĩ L(s)=1 I 2 Vˆs/Vd R I 2/ 1+ s (R /2)CChapter 7 Magnetic Circuit Concepts 1737.1 Ampere-Turns and Flux 1737.2 Inductance l 1747.3 Faraday’s Law: Induced Voltage in a Coil Due toTime-Rate of Change of Flux Linkage 1767.4 Leakage and Magnetizing Inductances 1777.5 Transformers 179Reference 182Problems 182Chapter 8 Switch-mode Dc Power Supplies 1858.1 Applications of Switch-Mode DC Power Supplies 1858.2 Need for Electrical Isolation 1868.3 Classification of Transformer-Isolated DC-DC Converters 1868.4 Flyback Converters 1868.5 Forward Converters 1988.6 Full-Bridge Converters 2048.7 Half-Bridge and Push-Pull Converters 2098.8 Practical Considerations 209References 210Problems 211Chapter 9 Design of High-frequency Inductors and Transformers 2159.1 Introduction 2159.2 Basics of Magnetic Design 2159.3 Inductor and Transformer Construction 2169.4 Area-Product Method 2169.5 Design Example of an Inductor 2199.6 Design Example of a Transformer for aForward Converter 2219.7 Thermal Considerations 221References 222Problems 222Chapter 10 Soft-switching in Dc-dc Converters andHalf-bridge Resonant Converters 22310.1 Introduction 22310.2 Hard-Switching in Switching Power poles 22310.3 Soft-switching in Switching Power-Poles 22510.4 Half-Bridge Resonant Converter 228References 230Problems 230Chapter 11 Applications of Switch-mode Power Electronics in Motor Drives, Uninterruptible Power Supplies, And Power Systems 23111.1 Introduction 23111.2 Electric Motor Drives 23111.3 Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) 24411.4 Utility Applications of Switch-ModePower Electronics 244Reference 246Problems 246Chapter 12 Synthesis of Dc and Low-frequency Sinusoidal Ac Voltages for Motor Drives, Ups, and Power Systems Applications 24912.1 Introduction 24912.2 Bidirectional Switching Power-Pole as the Building Block 25012.3 Converters for DC Motor Drives (−Vd 12.4 Synthesis of Low-Frequency AC 26012.5 Single-Phase Inverters 26112.6 Three-Phase Inverters 26612.7 Multilevel Inverters 28012.8 Converters For Bidirectional Power Flow 28112.9 Matrix Converters (Direct Link System) 283References 284Problems 284Chapter 13 Thyristor Converters 28713.1 Introduction 28713.2 Thyristors (SCRs) 28713.3 Single-phase, Phase-controlled Thyristor Converters 28913.4 Three-Phase, Full-Bridge Thyristor Converters 29413.5 Current-Link Systems 300Reference 301Problems 301Chapter 14 Utility Applications of Power Electronics 30314.1 Introduction 30314.2 Power Semiconductor Devices and Their Capabilities 30414.3 Categorizing Power Electronic Systems 30514.4 Distributed Generation (DG) Applications 30614.5 Power Electronic Loads 31114.6 Power Quality Solutions 31214.7 Transmission and Distribution (T&D) Applications 313References 317Problems 317Index 319