KARL MARX was a German philosopher, political economist, historian, political theorist, sociologist, communist, and revolutionary, whose ideas played a significant role in the development of modern communism. Born in Trier, Germany, Marx Studied law and philosophy at University. Due to his political writings, he was forced to live in exile in London, where he continued to develop his thought in collaboration with German thinker Friedrich Engels and publish his writings. His best-known titles are the 1848?pamphlet?The Communist Manifesto?and the three-volume?Das Kapital?(1867-1883). Marx's political and philosophical thought had enormous influence on subsequent intellectual, economic and political history

• IntroductionBibliographical Note and AcknowledgmentsChronology: Marx's LifeChronology: Marx's Chief WorksI. Marx the Man: Documents, Letters, and Reminiscences[Birth Certificate]Certificate of Matriculation of a Pupil at the High School at Trier[Marx's Record of Studies Issued by the University of Bonn][From Marx's Sister Sophie][Heinrich Marx to His Son][Karl Marx to His Father][Heinrich Marx to His Son][Bruno Bruno Bauer to Marx][Marx's Record of Studies in the University of Berlin][Letter of Professor C. F. Bachmann, Dean of the Faculty of Philosophy in the University of Jena, Presenting Marx's Doctoral Thesis to the Faculty for Consideration][Moses Hess on Karl Marx][Marx to Arnold Ruge][Marx to Arnold Ruge][Jenny von Westphalen to Marx][Arnold Ruge to Ludwig Feuerbach on Marx][Bakunin's Reminiscence][P. Annenkov: Karl Marx in 1846][Marx to Engels in Paris][Carl Schurz on Marx in Cologne Summer 1848][Marx to Engels in Brussels][Marx to Engels in Lausanne][Marx to Engels in Lausanne][Jenny Marx to Joseph Weydemeyer][Gustave Techow to a Friend][Marx to Engels][Marx to Engels][A Prussian Police Agent's Report][Marx to Engels][Marx to Engels][Marx to Engels][Karl Marx to His Wife][Marx to Engels][Marx to Engels][Eleanor Marx on Her Father][Marx to Engels in Manchester][Confessions of Marx][Karl Marx to Laura Marx][Karl Marx to François Lafargue][Karl Marx to Paul Lafargue][From R. Landor's Interview with Marx][Report on Karl Marx in Karlsbad][From the Chicago Tribune's Interview with Marx][Sir Mountstuart Elphinstone Grant-Duff to Empress Frederick][Karl Marx to Laura Lafargue][Engels's Speech at the Graveside of Karl Marx]II. Karl Marx's Writings1. The Formation of a Young Radical: Early Writings, 1841-1844From Doctoral Dissertation, The Difference between the Democritean and the Epicurean Philosophy of Nature"The Draft Divorce Law"From the Kreuznach Manuscripts: Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of RightFrom a Correspondence of 1843From "On the Jewish Questions"From "Contribution to the Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right: Introduction"2. Beyond Philosophy to Communism, Political Economy, and the Materialist Conception of History: Transitional Writings, 1844-1847From Economico-Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844From the First Manuscript: "Alienated Labor"From the Third Manuscript: "Private Property and Communism"From "Critical Notes on the Article 'The King of Prussia and Social Reform. By a Prussian"""Theses on Feuerbach"From A Contribution to the Critique of Political EconomyFrom The German Ideology, Volume One:Preface[The Materialist Conception of History][On History][Consciousness and the Division of Labour][Law and the Materialist Conception of History][The Role of Violence in History][Communism as the End of History]3. Revolution and Counter-Revolution: Political Writings, 1848-1852Manifesto of the Communist PartyThe Demands of the Communist Party in GermanyAddress of the Central Committee to the Communist LeagueFrom The Class Struggles in France: 1848 to 1850From The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte4. Journalism and Politics: 1853-1864The British Rule in IndiaFrom "The Future Results of British Rule in India"Revolution in China and in EuropeThe Indian RevoltInaugural Address and Provisional Rules of the International Working Men's Association5. "Wading Through Economic Filth": Economic Writings, 1857-1867From Grundrisse, IntroductionFrom Value, Price and ProfitFrom Capital, Volume I:From the Preface to the First German EditionChapter 1: "Commodities"Chapter 26: "The Secret of Primitive Accumulation"From Chapter 27: "The Expropriation of the Agricultural Population from the Land"Chapter 31: "The Genesis of the Industrial Capitalist"Chapter 32: "The Historical Tendency of Capitalist Accumulation"Chapter 33: "The Modern Theory of Colonisation"6. The Paris Commune and the Future of Socialism: 1870-1882From The Civil War in France:Address of the General Council of the International Working Men's AssociationFrom the First Draft: "The Character of the Commune"Marginal Notes to the Programme of the German Workers' Party [Critique of the Gotha Programme]Preface to the Russian Edition of the Communist ManifestoReader's GuideIndex