Political Parties and the State

Martin Shefter is Professor of Government at Cornell University. He is author of Political Crisis/Fiscal Crisis: The Collapse and Revival of New York City (Columbia), co-author, with Benjamin Ginsberg, of Politics by Other Means: The Declining Importance of Elections in America (Basic Books), and editor of Capital of the American Century: The National and International Influence of New York City (Russell Sage).

• List of Tables and FiguresPrefaceCh. 1Political Parties and States3Pt. IParty and Patronage in Europe and America19Ch. 2Patronage and Its Opponents: A Theory and Some European Cases21Ch. 3Party, Bureaucracy, and Political Change in the United States61Pt. IIEconomic Interests and Political Organization in the United States99Ch. 4Trade Unions and Political Machines: The Organization and Disorganization of the American Working Class101Ch. 5Regional Receptivity to Reform in the United States169Pt. IIIPolitical Parties and Political Control195Ch. 6Political Incorporation and Political Extrusion: Party Politics and Social Forces in Postwar New York197Ch. 7New York City's Fiscal Crisis: Countering the Politics of Mass Mobilization233Notes259Author Index293Subject Index297

"Shefter's is a unique voice in the study of American politics. [He] offers an original and rich perspective on American political development by pointing to the ways parties and the state shaped the timing and form of political incorporation of key social groups."—Margaret Weir, The Brookings Institution