Barbara A. Kaminska, Ph.D. (University of California, Santa Barbara, 2014) is an Assistant Professor of Art History at Sam Houston State University in Huntsville, TX. Her publications include essays in “Renaissance and Reformation” and “Journal of Historians of Netherlandish Art.”

• ContentsAcknowledgmentsList of Figures Introduction1 Negotiating Entrepreneurship in Early Modern Antwerp: Pieter Bruegel’s The Tower of Babel1 For “an Idel and Foolish Ostentation of Money”? The Tower of Babeland the Ambiguities of Progress2 Framing the Tower of Babel: Space, Conversation, People3 Monopolies, Self-Interest, and the Common Good4 Antwerp as an International “Community of Commerce” in Philip’s 1549 Joyous Entry2 Conversion on Display: Imperial Politics, Religious Transformation, and Socioeconomic Stability in Antwerp1 Images of the Conversion of Saint Paul in Probate Inventories and the Location of Works of Art2 “Alzo tot onzer kennesse ghecommen es”: Habsburg Legislation and the Culture of External Display in Antwerp3 Defining Conversion in the Sixteenth-Century Low Countries4 Between Light and Darkness: Bruegel’s The Conversion of Saint Paul and Dutch Vernacular Theatre5 Toward a New Model of Religiosity3 “In Their Houses”: Domestic Space and Religious Practices in Mid-Sixteenth-Century Antwerp1 “Permissible even for sailors”? Lay Reading of the Bible and Spanish Legislation in Antwerp2 Theological Approaches to Religious Imagery in Private Households3 In “zyne huysen”: The Procession to Calvary, Ommegangen, and the Relocation of Religious Practices4 “Outside in the Woods”: The Sermon of Saint John the Baptistand Hedge-Preaching in Antwerp1 Picturing Conversations in Bruegel’s Sermon of Saint John the Baptist5 “If You Are without a Sin”: Religious and Artistic Discourse in Christ and the Woman Taken in Adultery1 Truth and Penitence in Christ and the Woman Taken in Adultery2 Adultery, Idolatry, and Rhetorical Strategies of Bruegel’s Grisaille6 Choosing “the Best Part”: Christian Death and Life in Bruegel’s The Death of the Virgin1 “Sweet Sleep” and the Transition from Vita Activa to Vita Contemplativa in Bruegel’s Grisaille2 Artistry and Theological Truth in the Images of the Death of the VirginEpilogueBibliographyIndex

Barbara A. Kaminska, Ph.D. (University of California, Santa Barbara, 2014) is an Assistant Professor of Art History at Sam Houston State University in Huntsville, TX. Her publications include essays in “Renaissance and Reformation” and “Journal of Historians of Netherlandish Art.”

• ContentsAcknowledgmentsList of Figures Introduction1 Negotiating Entrepreneurship in Early Modern Antwerp: Pieter Bruegel’s The Tower of Babel1 For “an Idel and Foolish Ostentation of Money”? The Tower of Babeland the Ambiguities of Progress2 Framing the Tower of Babel: Space, Conversation, People3 Monopolies, Self-Interest, and the Common Good4 Antwerp as an International “Community of Commerce” in Philip’s 1549 Joyous Entry2 Conversion on Display: Imperial Politics, Religious Transformation, and Socioeconomic Stability in Antwerp1 Images of the Conversion of Saint Paul in Probate Inventories and the Location of Works of Art2 “Alzo tot onzer kennesse ghecommen es”: Habsburg Legislation and the Culture of External Display in Antwerp3 Defining Conversion in the Sixteenth-Century Low Countries4 Between Light and Darkness: Bruegel’s The Conversion of Saint Paul and Dutch Vernacular Theatre5 Toward a New Model of Religiosity3 “In Their Houses”: Domestic Space and Religious Practices in Mid-Sixteenth-Century Antwerp1 “Permissible even for sailors”? Lay Reading of the Bible and Spanish Legislation in Antwerp2 Theological Approaches to Religious Imagery in Private Households3 In “zyne huysen”: The Procession to Calvary, Ommegangen, and the Relocation of Religious Practices4 “Outside in the Woods”: The Sermon of Saint John the Baptistand Hedge-Preaching in Antwerp1 Picturing Conversations in Bruegel’s Sermon of Saint John the Baptist5 “If You Are without a Sin”: Religious and Artistic Discourse in Christ and the Woman Taken in Adultery1 Truth and Penitence in Christ and the Woman Taken in Adultery2 Adultery, Idolatry, and Rhetorical Strategies of Bruegel’s Grisaille6 Choosing “the Best Part”: Christian Death and Life in Bruegel’s The Death of the Virgin1 “Sweet Sleep” and the Transition from Vita Activa to Vita Contemplativa in Bruegel’s Grisaille2 Artistry and Theological Truth in the Images of the Death of the VirginEpilogueBibliographyIndex

Barbara A. Kaminska, Ph.D. (University of California, Santa Barbara, 2014) is an Assistant Professor of Art History at Sam Houston State University in Huntsville, TX. Her publications include essays in “Renaissance and Reformation” and “Journal of Historians of Netherlandish Art.”

• ContentsAcknowledgmentsList of Figures Introduction1 Negotiating Entrepreneurship in Early Modern Antwerp: Pieter Bruegel’s The Tower of Babel1 For “an Idel and Foolish Ostentation of Money”? The Tower of Babeland the Ambiguities of Progress2 Framing the Tower of Babel: Space, Conversation, People3 Monopolies, Self-Interest, and the Common Good4 Antwerp as an International “Community of Commerce” in Philip’s 1549 Joyous Entry2 Conversion on Display: Imperial Politics, Religious Transformation, and Socioeconomic Stability in Antwerp1 Images of the Conversion of Saint Paul in Probate Inventories and the Location of Works of Art2 “Alzo tot onzer kennesse ghecommen es”: Habsburg Legislation and the Culture of External Display in Antwerp3 Defining Conversion in the Sixteenth-Century Low Countries4 Between Light and Darkness: Bruegel’s The Conversion of Saint Paul and Dutch Vernacular Theatre5 Toward a New Model of Religiosity3 “In Their Houses”: Domestic Space and Religious Practices in Mid-Sixteenth-Century Antwerp1 “Permissible even for sailors”? Lay Reading of the Bible and Spanish Legislation in Antwerp2 Theological Approaches to Religious Imagery in Private Households3 In “zyne huysen”: The Procession to Calvary, Ommegangen, and the Relocation of Religious Practices4 “Outside in the Woods”: The Sermon of Saint John the Baptistand Hedge-Preaching in Antwerp1 Picturing Conversations in Bruegel’s Sermon of Saint John the Baptist5 “If You Are without a Sin”: Religious and Artistic Discourse in Christ and the Woman Taken in Adultery1 Truth and Penitence in Christ and the Woman Taken in Adultery2 Adultery, Idolatry, and Rhetorical Strategies of Bruegel’s Grisaille6 Choosing “the Best Part”: Christian Death and Life in Bruegel’s The Death of the Virgin1 “Sweet Sleep” and the Transition from Vita Activa to Vita Contemplativa in Bruegel’s Grisaille2 Artistry and Theological Truth in the Images of the Death of the VirginEpilogueBibliographyIndex