Richard D. Urman, M.D., M.B.A. Assistant Professor of Anesthesia, Harvard Medical School Director, Hospital Procedural Sedation Management and Safety Co-Director, Center for Perioperative Management and Medical Informatics Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston, MA 02115 USA Jesse M. Ehrenfeld, M.D., M.P.H. Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology Assistant Professor of Biomedical Informatics Director, Center for Evidence-Based Anesthesia Director, Perioperative Data Systems Research Medical Director, Perioperative Quality Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN 37232 USA