Putting the Communist and National Socialist dictatorships side by side as twin models of twentieth-century dystopia has always raised awkward questions about comparability and moral equivalence. The editors and contributors in this fine volume are all too aware of the intellectual challenges involved in equating or comparing the two systems and have provided here a sophisticated and nuanced assessment of their entanglement, not only at the level of historical experience but in terms of the meaning now ascribed to them in historical memory. This is an important milestone in developing a fuller understanding of the special place Communism/National Socialism occupies in contemporary historical culture.