Thomas O’Brien is a Lecturer in the Centre for International Security and Resilience at Cranfield University, UK. His research interests include leadership during democratisation, environmental politics and social movements.

• Foreword 1. Populism, Protest and Democracy in the Twenty-First Century 2. The Origins of Labour Autonomy in Authoritarian Tunisia 3. The Legacy of Compliant Activism in Autocracies: Post-Communist Experience 4. Context, Image and the Case of the Shahbag Movement 5. Social Movements and Constitutional Politics in Latin America: Reconfiguring Alliances, Framings and Legal Opportunities in the Judicialisation of Abortion Rights in Brazil 6. Pollution, Institutions and Street Protests in Urban China 7. Political Activists’ Frames in Times of Post-Politics: Evidence from Kirchnerism in Argentina and Podemos in Spain 8. Protest in South Africa: Motives and Meanings 9. Intellectual Radicals Challenging the State: The Case of Hizb ut-Tahrir in the West 10. When Actions Speak Louder than Words: Examining Collective Political Protests in Central Asia 11. Political Religion and the Rise of Transnational Right and Left-Wing Social Movements Since 9/11

Thomas O’Brien is a Lecturer in the Centre for International Security and Resilience at Cranfield University, UK. His research interests include leadership during democratisation, environmental politics and social movements.

• Foreword 1. Populism, Protest and Democracy in the Twenty-First Century 2. The Origins of Labour Autonomy in Authoritarian Tunisia 3. The Legacy of Compliant Activism in Autocracies: Post-Communist Experience 4. Context, Image and the Case of the Shahbag Movement 5. Social Movements and Constitutional Politics in Latin America: Reconfiguring Alliances, Framings and Legal Opportunities in the Judicialisation of Abortion Rights in Brazil 6. Pollution, Institutions and Street Protests in Urban China 7. Political Activists’ Frames in Times of Post-Politics: Evidence from Kirchnerism in Argentina and Podemos in Spain 8. Protest in South Africa: Motives and Meanings 9. Intellectual Radicals Challenging the State: The Case of Hizb ut-Tahrir in the West 10. When Actions Speak Louder than Words: Examining Collective Political Protests in Central Asia 11. Political Religion and the Rise of Transnational Right and Left-Wing Social Movements Since 9/11

Thomas O’Brien is a Lecturer in the Centre for International Security and Resilience at Cranfield University, UK. His research interests include leadership during democratisation, environmental politics and social movements.

• Foreword 1. Populism, Protest and Democracy in the Twenty-First Century 2. The Origins of Labour Autonomy in Authoritarian Tunisia 3. The Legacy of Compliant Activism in Autocracies: Post-Communist Experience 4. Context, Image and the Case of the Shahbag Movement 5. Social Movements and Constitutional Politics in Latin America: Reconfiguring Alliances, Framings and Legal Opportunities in the Judicialisation of Abortion Rights in Brazil 6. Pollution, Institutions and Street Protests in Urban China 7. Political Activists’ Frames in Times of Post-Politics: Evidence from Kirchnerism in Argentina and Podemos in Spain 8. Protest in South Africa: Motives and Meanings 9. Intellectual Radicals Challenging the State: The Case of Hizb ut-Tahrir in the West 10. When Actions Speak Louder than Words: Examining Collective Political Protests in Central Asia 11. Political Religion and the Rise of Transnational Right and Left-Wing Social Movements Since 9/11