Steven L. Shein, MDCase Western Reserve University Rainbow Babies & Children's HospitalCleveland, OHUSAAlexandre T. Rotta, MD, FCCMDuke University Medical CenterDuke University School of Medicine Durham, NCUSA

• The History of ARDS and the Need for a Pediatric Definition.- Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Definition and Epidemiology.- Pathobiology of the Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.- Risk Factors and Etiologies of Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.- Imaging and Monitoring in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.- Conventional Mechanical Ventilation in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.- Non-conventional Mechanical Ventilation for Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: High-frequency Oscillatory Ventilation and Airway Pressure Release Ventilation.- Ventilator Weaning and Extubation Strategies for Children with PARDS.- Non-Invasive Respiratory Support in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.- Ancillary Pulmonary Treatments for Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.- Analgesia, Sedation and Neuromuscular Blockade in PARDS.- Fluids, Nutrition, and Acute Kidney Injury in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.- Heart-Lung Interactions and Cardiovascular Support in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.- Red Blood Cell Transfusion in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.- Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Immunocompromised Patients.- ECMO for Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.- Clinical Outcomes in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

“This is a thorough and informative reference for health care providers who regularly or occasionally care for patients with PARDS; it is targeted to pediatric critical care providers, with pertinent sections for anesthesiologists as highlighted previously.” (Garrett Keim and Justin L. Lockman, Anesthesia & Analgesia, Vol. 131 (2), August, 2020)