Ferdinand Müller-Rommel is Professor of Comparative Politics and Director of the Centre for the Study of Democracy at the Leuphana University, Germany.Fernando Casal Bértoa is a Nottingham Research Fellow at the School of Politics and International Relations in the University of Nottingham, UK.

• 1 Introduction Ferdinand Müller-Rommel Part One: Comparative and National Politics 2 Mapping definitions of feudalism: A conceptual analysis Jørgen Møller 3 Fill in the void? The politics of institutional reform in times of democratic crisis in Ireland Camille Bedock 4 Party competition and policy output in Ireland Evelyne Hübscher 5 Regional presidents, multi-level parties and organizational stratarchy: The case of Italy Alex Wilson Part Two: Political Parties and Party Systems 6 The attitudinal implications of the cartel party thesis: Ideological convergence and political efficacy in contemporary democracies Sergi Pardos-Prado and Pedro Riera 7 Conflict regulation in political parties: Organizational and legal dimensions Nicole Bolleyer 8 Party system institutionalization: A travelling concept? Fernando Casal Bértoa Part Three: European Union 9 Representing without governing Jorge Fernandes and David M. Willumsen 10 Perspectives on the development of transnational party system in the European Union after the 2014 elections to the European Parliament Wojciech Gagatek 11 Mapping the Europarties’ ideological development Edoardo Bressanelli 12 Collusion in bicameral EU decision-making: The impact of early agreements on representation and committee influence in the European Parliament Nikoleta Yordanova Part Four: (The Future) of Party Democracy 13 Hollowed democracy? Studying the consequences of a changing demos Yvette Peters 14 How parties self-legitimize. An analysis of party laws Daniela Piccio 15 Non-majoritarian institutions: A challenge for liberal democracy? Christel Koop 16 How parties govern. An overview of the changing patterns of party legitimacy in Europe Caterina Froio and Conor Little

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