Bruno Marino is a post-doctoral research fellow at the University of Bologna, Italy.

• Introduction: Two takes, two stories 1. Leaders and parties in Western Europe 2. Setting the ground: the opening of party leader selection rules 3. The internal and external factors 4. Explaining openings in party leader selection rules 5. The PCI-PDS: the strength of ideology 6. The Northern League: the consequences of intra-party divisions. Conclusions: party leaders, representation, and power

Select Guide Rating

Bruno Marino is a post-doctoral research fellow at the University of Bologna, Italy.

• Introduction: Two takes, two stories 1. Leaders and parties in Western Europe 2. Setting the ground: the opening of party leader selection rules 3. The internal and external factors 4. Explaining openings in party leader selection rules 5. The PCI-PDS: the strength of ideology 6. The Northern League: the consequences of intra-party divisions. Conclusions: party leaders, representation, and power

Select Guide Rating

Bruno Marino is a post-doctoral research fellow at the University of Bologna, Italy.

• Introduction: Two takes, two stories 1. Leaders and parties in Western Europe 2. Setting the ground: the opening of party leader selection rules 3. The internal and external factors 4. Explaining openings in party leader selection rules 5. The PCI-PDS: the strength of ideology 6. The Northern League: the consequences of intra-party divisions. Conclusions: party leaders, representation, and power

Select Guide Rating