Elena Semenova was Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the Jena Graduate School "Human Behaviour in Social and Economic Change". She now serves as Assistant Professor at the Free University Berlin, Germany.Michael Edinger is Senior Lecturer in Political Science at the University of Jena, Germany. Heinrich Best is Professor and Chair of Empirical Research and Analysis of Social Structures at the Institute of Sociology, University of Jena, Germany.

• 1. Parliamentary elite formation after communism: an introduction ELENA SEMENOVA, MICHAEL EDINGER, AND HEINRICH BEST Part I: Central European Parliaments 2. The Czech parliament on the road to professionalization and stabilization ZDENKA MANSFELDOVÁ 3. Hungarian MPs in the context of political transformation GABRIELLA ILONSZKI AND ANDRÁS SCHWARCZ 4. The Polish Diet since 1989: from fragmentation to consolidation JACEK WASILEWSKI AND WITOLD BETKIEWICZ Part II: Baltic 5. Parliaments Recruitment of parliamentary representatives in an ethno-liberal democracy: Estonia MINDAUGAS KUKLYS 6. Legislative elites in multi-ethnic Latvia after 1990 MINDAUGAS KUKLYS 7. Lithuanian parliamentary elites after 1990: dilemmas of political representation and political professionalism IRMINA MATONYTĖ AND GINTARAS ŠUMSKAS 8. Croatian parliamentary elites: towards professionalization and homogenization VLASTA ILIŠIN and GORAN ČULAR 9. The ‘waiting room’: Romanian parliament after 1989 LAURENŢIU ŞTEFAN AND RĂZVAN GRECU Part III: Post-Soviet Parliaments 10. Legislative elite formation in Moldova: continuity and change WILLIAM CROWTHER 11. Parliamentary representation and MPs in Russia: historical retrospective and comparative perspective OXANA GAMAN-GOLUTVINA 12. Parliamentary representation in post-communist Ukraine: change and stability ELENA SEMENOVA 13. Patterns of parliamentary elite recruitment in post-communist Europe: a comparative analysis ELENA SEMENOVA, MICHAEL EDINGER, AND HEINRICH BEST

Overall, this edited volume based on the "largest data collection on representative elites" in Central and Eastern Europe sets the ground for fruitful future research approaching questions from diverse fields of study. Thanks to the diverse substantial fields addressed by this innovative research, the book will be appreciated by students and researchers of post-communist politics and elite formation, democratization and democratic consolidation, Europeanization and European integration as well as minority and political representation. - Corinna Kröber, Universität Salzburg

Elena Semenova was Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the Jena Graduate School "Human Behaviour in Social and Economic Change". She now serves as Assistant Professor at the Free University Berlin, Germany.Michael Edinger is Senior Lecturer in Political Science at the University of Jena, Germany. Heinrich Best is Professor and Chair of Empirical Research and Analysis of Social Structures at the Institute of Sociology, University of Jena, Germany.

• 1. Parliamentary elite formation after communism: an introduction ELENA SEMENOVA, MICHAEL EDINGER, AND HEINRICH BEST Part I: Central European Parliaments 2. The Czech parliament on the road to professionalization and stabilization ZDENKA MANSFELDOVÁ 3. Hungarian MPs in the context of political transformation GABRIELLA ILONSZKI AND ANDRÁS SCHWARCZ 4. The Polish Diet since 1989: from fragmentation to consolidation JACEK WASILEWSKI AND WITOLD BETKIEWICZ Part II: Baltic 5. Parliaments Recruitment of parliamentary representatives in an ethno-liberal democracy: Estonia MINDAUGAS KUKLYS 6. Legislative elites in multi-ethnic Latvia after 1990 MINDAUGAS KUKLYS 7. Lithuanian parliamentary elites after 1990: dilemmas of political representation and political professionalism IRMINA MATONYTĖ AND GINTARAS ŠUMSKAS 8. Croatian parliamentary elites: towards professionalization and homogenization VLASTA ILIŠIN and GORAN ČULAR 9. The ‘waiting room’: Romanian parliament after 1989 LAURENŢIU ŞTEFAN AND RĂZVAN GRECU Part III: Post-Soviet Parliaments 10. Legislative elite formation in Moldova: continuity and change WILLIAM CROWTHER 11. Parliamentary representation and MPs in Russia: historical retrospective and comparative perspective OXANA GAMAN-GOLUTVINA 12. Parliamentary representation in post-communist Ukraine: change and stability ELENA SEMENOVA 13. Patterns of parliamentary elite recruitment in post-communist Europe: a comparative analysis ELENA SEMENOVA, MICHAEL EDINGER, AND HEINRICH BEST

Overall, this edited volume based on the "largest data collection on representative elites" in Central and Eastern Europe sets the ground for fruitful future research approaching questions from diverse fields of study. Thanks to the diverse substantial fields addressed by this innovative research, the book will be appreciated by students and researchers of post-communist politics and elite formation, democratization and democratic consolidation, Europeanization and European integration as well as minority and political representation. - Corinna Kröber, Universität Salzburg

Elena Semenova was Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the Jena Graduate School "Human Behaviour in Social and Economic Change". She now serves as Assistant Professor at the Free University Berlin, Germany.Michael Edinger is Senior Lecturer in Political Science at the University of Jena, Germany. Heinrich Best is Professor and Chair of Empirical Research and Analysis of Social Structures at the Institute of Sociology, University of Jena, Germany.

• 1. Parliamentary elite formation after communism: an introduction ELENA SEMENOVA, MICHAEL EDINGER, AND HEINRICH BEST Part I: Central European Parliaments 2. The Czech parliament on the road to professionalization and stabilization ZDENKA MANSFELDOVÁ 3. Hungarian MPs in the context of political transformation GABRIELLA ILONSZKI AND ANDRÁS SCHWARCZ 4. The Polish Diet since 1989: from fragmentation to consolidation JACEK WASILEWSKI AND WITOLD BETKIEWICZ Part II: Baltic 5. Parliaments Recruitment of parliamentary representatives in an ethno-liberal democracy: Estonia MINDAUGAS KUKLYS 6. Legislative elites in multi-ethnic Latvia after 1990 MINDAUGAS KUKLYS 7. Lithuanian parliamentary elites after 1990: dilemmas of political representation and political professionalism IRMINA MATONYTĖ AND GINTARAS ŠUMSKAS 8. Croatian parliamentary elites: towards professionalization and homogenization VLASTA ILIŠIN and GORAN ČULAR 9. The ‘waiting room’: Romanian parliament after 1989 LAURENŢIU ŞTEFAN AND RĂZVAN GRECU Part III: Post-Soviet Parliaments 10. Legislative elite formation in Moldova: continuity and change WILLIAM CROWTHER 11. Parliamentary representation and MPs in Russia: historical retrospective and comparative perspective OXANA GAMAN-GOLUTVINA 12. Parliamentary representation in post-communist Ukraine: change and stability ELENA SEMENOVA 13. Patterns of parliamentary elite recruitment in post-communist Europe: a comparative analysis ELENA SEMENOVA, MICHAEL EDINGER, AND HEINRICH BEST

Overall, this edited volume based on the "largest data collection on representative elites" in Central and Eastern Europe sets the ground for fruitful future research approaching questions from diverse fields of study. Thanks to the diverse substantial fields addressed by this innovative research, the book will be appreciated by students and researchers of post-communist politics and elite formation, democratization and democratic consolidation, Europeanization and European integration as well as minority and political representation. - Corinna Kröber, Universität Salzburg