Rui Alexandre Novais is a Professor and Researcher at the Centre for Philosophical and Humanistic Studies (CEFH) of the Portuguese Catholic University. Rogério Christofoletti is a professor at the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) and a researcher at the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq/Brazil).

• Chapter 1: Meta-othering? Right-wing populism globally capitalizing on exclusionary antagonisms and moral divides.- Part I: Othering upward the in-groups of the elites or the establishment and those associated with the elites.- Chapter 2: The enemies of Brazil: from transnational repertoires to national elements by the formation of far-right targets.- Chapter 3: Normalizing Otherness: The Case of Right-Wing Populists in Germany Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic.- Chapter 4: Who is the people’s enemy? Conceptual construction and visual representation of the other in the populist political communication in Mexico.- Chapter 5: An other me: proximity and distance between Donald Trump and Jair Bolsonaro when defining their opponents on Twitter.- Chapter 6: How does the other half tweet?: Analyzing the construction of Otherness during the 2023 Brazilian Presidential Campaign.- Chapter 7: The enemy on the left: the building of the evil communist in the Brazilian far-right.- Chapter 8: Podcasting and the language of destruction: far-right discourse for a parallel new Brazil.- Chapter 9: The Constructions of Otherness through the mainstream media: the normalization of Jair Bolsonaros far-right discourse by Brazilian Newspapers.- Chapter 10: Journalistic resistance against Bolsonaros othering of the press in the age of populism and disinfodemic.- Chapter 11: Superheroes as a construction of otherness based on street demonstrations by the Brazilian populist right.- Chapter 12: Populism, enemies and threat construction, and Otherness: how populists use Othering rhetoric to get reelected to remain in power. The case of Viktor Orbán 2028 election.- Part II: Othering downward by scapegoating the outgroups or excluded outsiders.- Chapter 13: Polands right-wing populist constructions of the Others at the Polish-Belarussian border.- Chapter 14: They should not have left: the Italian government's discourse on the Cutro shipwreck: how populists have shifted the discourse from people who lose their life to responsibilities of others.- Chapter 15: Communicating Otherness as Political Action: The Case of Syrian Refugees and the Populist Right in Turkiye.- Chapter 16: Spanish extremist right-wing populist campaign: Vox and the pandemic as an opportunity to spread hate speech and Sinophobia.- Chapter 17: Exclusionary populism in Portugal: Islamophobia and the construction of the otherness in the Portuguese Far-Right.- Chapter 18: Artists as Others: Resentment, Public Policies, and the Brazilian Far-Right, Gabriel Cid (State University of Rio de Janeiro).- Chapter 19: Witches, Hyenas and Dangers. The othering and demonization of feminists in Spanish PRR party VOX.- Chapter 20: Populism as a communication phenomenon in Portugal: The dimensions of the Other.- Chapter 21: Israel of God in Brazil: An Imagined Messianic Nation.

Rui Alexandre Novais is a Professor and Researcher at the Centre for Philosophical and Humanistic Studies (CEFH) of the Portuguese Catholic University. Rogério Christofoletti is a professor at the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) and a researcher at the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq/Brazil).

• Chapter 1: Meta-othering? Right-wing populism globally capitalizing on exclusionary antagonisms and moral divides.- Part I: Othering upward the in-groups of the elites or the establishment and those associated with the elites.- Chapter 2: The enemies of Brazil: from transnational repertoires to national elements by the formation of far-right targets.- Chapter 3: Normalizing Otherness: The Case of Right-Wing Populists in Germany Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic.- Chapter 4: Who is the people’s enemy? Conceptual construction and visual representation of the other in the populist political communication in Mexico.- Chapter 5: An other me: proximity and distance between Donald Trump and Jair Bolsonaro when defining their opponents on Twitter.- Chapter 6: How does the other half tweet?: Analyzing the construction of Otherness during the 2023 Brazilian Presidential Campaign.- Chapter 7: The enemy on the left: the building of the evil communist in the Brazilian far-right.- Chapter 8: Podcasting and the language of destruction: far-right discourse for a parallel new Brazil.- Chapter 9: The Constructions of Otherness through the mainstream media: the normalization of Jair Bolsonaros far-right discourse by Brazilian Newspapers.- Chapter 10: Journalistic resistance against Bolsonaros othering of the press in the age of populism and disinfodemic.- Chapter 11: Superheroes as a construction of otherness based on street demonstrations by the Brazilian populist right.- Chapter 12: Populism, enemies and threat construction, and Otherness: how populists use Othering rhetoric to get reelected to remain in power. The case of Viktor Orbán 2028 election.- Part II: Othering downward by scapegoating the outgroups or excluded outsiders.- Chapter 13: Polands right-wing populist constructions of the Others at the Polish-Belarussian border.- Chapter 14: They should not have left: the Italian government's discourse on the Cutro shipwreck: how populists have shifted the discourse from people who lose their life to responsibilities of others.- Chapter 15: Communicating Otherness as Political Action: The Case of Syrian Refugees and the Populist Right in Turkiye.- Chapter 16: Spanish extremist right-wing populist campaign: Vox and the pandemic as an opportunity to spread hate speech and Sinophobia.- Chapter 17: Exclusionary populism in Portugal: Islamophobia and the construction of the otherness in the Portuguese Far-Right.- Chapter 18: Artists as Others: Resentment, Public Policies, and the Brazilian Far-Right, Gabriel Cid (State University of Rio de Janeiro).- Chapter 19: Witches, Hyenas and Dangers. The othering and demonization of feminists in Spanish PRR party VOX.- Chapter 20: Populism as a communication phenomenon in Portugal: The dimensions of the Other.- Chapter 21: Israel of God in Brazil: An Imagined Messianic Nation.

Rui Alexandre Novais is a Professor and Researcher at the Centre for Philosophical and Humanistic Studies (CEFH) of the Portuguese Catholic University. Rogério Christofoletti is a professor at the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) and a researcher at the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq/Brazil).

• Chapter 1: Meta-othering? Right-wing populism globally capitalizing on exclusionary antagonisms and moral divides.- Part I: Othering upward the in-groups of the elites or the establishment and those associated with the elites.- Chapter 2: The enemies of Brazil: from transnational repertoires to national elements by the formation of far-right targets.- Chapter 3: Normalizing Otherness: The Case of Right-Wing Populists in Germany Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic.- Chapter 4: Who is the people’s enemy? Conceptual construction and visual representation of the other in the populist political communication in Mexico.- Chapter 5: An other me: proximity and distance between Donald Trump and Jair Bolsonaro when defining their opponents on Twitter.- Chapter 6: How does the other half tweet?: Analyzing the construction of Otherness during the 2023 Brazilian Presidential Campaign.- Chapter 7: The enemy on the left: the building of the evil communist in the Brazilian far-right.- Chapter 8: Podcasting and the language of destruction: far-right discourse for a parallel new Brazil.- Chapter 9: The Constructions of Otherness through the mainstream media: the normalization of Jair Bolsonaros far-right discourse by Brazilian Newspapers.- Chapter 10: Journalistic resistance against Bolsonaros othering of the press in the age of populism and disinfodemic.- Chapter 11: Superheroes as a construction of otherness based on street demonstrations by the Brazilian populist right.- Chapter 12: Populism, enemies and threat construction, and Otherness: how populists use Othering rhetoric to get reelected to remain in power. The case of Viktor Orbán 2028 election.- Part II: Othering downward by scapegoating the outgroups or excluded outsiders.- Chapter 13: Polands right-wing populist constructions of the Others at the Polish-Belarussian border.- Chapter 14: They should not have left: the Italian government's discourse on the Cutro shipwreck: how populists have shifted the discourse from people who lose their life to responsibilities of others.- Chapter 15: Communicating Otherness as Political Action: The Case of Syrian Refugees and the Populist Right in Turkiye.- Chapter 16: Spanish extremist right-wing populist campaign: Vox and the pandemic as an opportunity to spread hate speech and Sinophobia.- Chapter 17: Exclusionary populism in Portugal: Islamophobia and the construction of the otherness in the Portuguese Far-Right.- Chapter 18: Artists as Others: Resentment, Public Policies, and the Brazilian Far-Right, Gabriel Cid (State University of Rio de Janeiro).- Chapter 19: Witches, Hyenas and Dangers. The othering and demonization of feminists in Spanish PRR party VOX.- Chapter 20: Populism as a communication phenomenon in Portugal: The dimensions of the Other.- Chapter 21: Israel of God in Brazil: An Imagined Messianic Nation.