Pain Management in Veterinary Practice

Christine M. Egger, DVM, MVSc, CVH, CVA, Diplomate ACVAA, is a Professor of Anesthesiology and Pain Management at the University of Tennessee in Knoxville, Tennessee, USA.Lydia Love, DVM, Diplomate ACVAA, practices anesthesia and pain management at Animal Emergency and Referral Associates in Fairfield, New Jersey, USA.Tom Doherty, MVB, MSc, Diplomate ACVAA, is a Professor of Anesthesiology at the University of Tennessee in Knoxville, Tennessee, USA.

• Contributors ixPreface xiiiSection 1: Introduction and Anatomy, Physiology, and Pathophysiology of Pain 11 Introduction: Pain: An Issue of Animal Welfare 3Alice Crook2 Anatomy, Physiology, and Pathophysiology of Pain 9Yael Shilo and Peter J. Pascoe3 Mechanisms of Cancer Pain 29Cholawat Pacharinsak and Alvin J. BeitzSection 2: Pharmacology of Analgesic Drugs 394 Opioids 41Tanya Duke-Novakovski5 Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Corticosteroids 69Stuart Clark-Price6 Local Anesthetics 85Kip A. Lemke7 α-2 Adrenoceptor Agonists 93Reza Seddighi8 Nontraditional Analgesic Agents 105Lydia Love and Dave Thompson9 Novel Methods of Analgesic Drug Delivery 115Lesley J. Smith10 Pharmacokinetic Principles for the Design of Intravenous Infusions 125Bruno H. PypendopSection 3: Nonpharmacological Pain Therapy 13111 Canine Rehabilitation 133Lowri Davies12 Equine Rehabilitation 147Lowri Davies13 Custom External Coaptation as a Pain Management Tool: Veterinary Orthotics and Prosthetics 155Martin W. Kaufmann and Patrice M. Mich14 Myofascial Pain Syndrome in Dogs 161Rick Wall15 Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicine and Homeopathy in Pain Management 171Lynelle Graham, Mona Boudreaux, and Steve Marsden16 Mechanisms of Acupuncture Analgesia 177Shauna Cantwell17 Equine Acupuncture 183Arthur I. Ortenburger18 Canine Chiropractic and Pain Management 189Robin Downing19 Equine Chiropractic 195Henry S. AdairSection: 4 Management of Pain in Veterinary Species 19920 Recognition and Assessment of Acute Pain in the Dog 201Kate L. White21 Treatment of Acute Pain in the Dog 209Kate L. White22 Recognition and Assessment of Chronic Pain in Dogs 227Anna Hielm-Bjorkman23 Treatment of Chronic Pain in Dogs 239Anna Hielm-Bjorkman24 The Recognition and Assessment of Pain in Cats 269Kersti Seksel25 Treatment of Acute Pain in Cats 275Jacob A. Johnson26 Treatment and Assessment of Chronic Pain in Cats 289Bonnie Wright and Jessica K. Rychel27 Cancer-associated Pain and its Management 299Lydia Love and Lisa DiBernardi28 Recognition and Treatment of Pain in the Small Animal Critical Care Patient 311Jane Quandt29 Recognition and Assessment of Pain in Horses 317Emma Love30 Treatment of Acute and Chronic Pain in Horses 323Bernd Driessen and Laura Zarucco31 Recognition and Assessment of Pain in Ruminants 349Kevin J. Stafford32 Treatment of Acute and Chronic Pain in Ruminants 359Alexander Valverde33 Recognition and Treatment of Pain in Camelids 373Tamara Grubb34 Recognition and Treatment of Pain in Pet Pigs 383Kristie Mozzachio and Valarie V. Tynes35 Recognition and Assessment of Pain in Small Exotic Mammals 391Lesa Thompson36 Treatment of Pain in Small Exotic Mammals 399Cheryl B. Greenacre37 Recognition and Treatment of Pain in Birds 407Karen L. Machin38 Recognition and Treatment of Pain in Reptiles, Amphibians, and Fish 417Lysa Pam Posner and Sathya K. ChinnaduraiSection 5: Incorporating Pain Management into Your Practice and Hospice and Palliative Care 42539 Integrating Pain Management into Veterinary Practice 427Robin Downing40 Pain Management in Hospice and Palliative Care 431Keri JonesIndex 437

“The information in this book is more extensive and diverse than that found in other currently available books. It fills a much-needed void in a rapidly expanding area of veterinary medicine.”  (Doody’s, 3 October 2014)"‘The veterinary profession has begun to make pain management a priority’ is the opening line to the chapter ‘Integrating pain management into veterinary practice’, and I couldn’t agree more. The publication of a textbook dedicated to all aspects of pain management presented in an easily accessible format will be an excellent addition to any practice’s library.”  (Veterinary Record, 16 August 2014)“It is practical, well-illustrated, and gives information on analgesia in a variety of species.”  (Vets Today, 1 August 2014)“Overall, the text is well written; the chapters are logically organized, and information is easily accessible.  The book is reasonably priced and will be an excellent addition to any veterinarian’s library and very useful to veterinary students and technicians as well.”  (Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 15 June 2014)“Benefitting from the contribution of more than 40 international expert authors, this excellent book provides a huge amount of up to date, evidence-based theoretical and practical information on pain management in veterinary practice and should definitely find its place on the bookshelf of all practitioners interested in better understanding and treating pain in their patients (aren’t we all??).”  (European Journal of Companion Animal Practice, 1 July 2014)“The result is a fine survey highly recommended for any working with animals.”  (Midwest Book Review, 1 June 2014)“Pain Management in Veterinary Practice is a reference for veterinary offices and practitioners and considers the physiology and pathophysiology of all kinds of animal pain, from large to exotic species. Expect more from this than an overview of pain medications and their administration and management: chapters cover techniques for complimentary treatments from acupuncture to massage and physical therapy, consider nutrition's role in pain management, and provide specific advice for specific kinds of pain. The result is a veterinary handbook recommended for any practitioner.”  (Midwest Book Review, 1 April 2014)