Outside Looking in

Norman J.W. Goda is the Norman and Irma Braman Professor of Holocaust Studies at the University of Florida. His books include The Holocaust: Europe, the World, and the Jews, 1918-1945 (Routledge 2022); Tales from Spandau: Nazi Criminals and the Cold War (Cambridge University Press 2006), and Tomorrow the World: Hitler, Northwest Africa, and the Path toward America (Texas A&M University Press 1998).

• List of FiguresIntroductionNorman J.W. Goda and Edward KissiPart I. Holocaust Universalization in Real TimeChapter 1. Universalizing the Holocaust in West and East AfricaEdward KissiChapter 2. Biafra: State-Building, the Holocaust, and International DiplomacyCharlotte KiechelChapter 3. Mauritania and the “Events” of 1989: Why Victims Referenced the HolocaustSidi N’DiayeChapter 4. Local, Transnational, Universal: Changing Uses of Holocaust Memory Through the Visits of Jaika Grossman to Argentina, 1963-1985Emmanuel KahanChapter 5. Universalizing the Holocaust in Argentine Jewish ArtTamara KohnPart II. The Limits of Holocaust UniversalizationChapter 6. The Perils of Framing the Indian Partition through the HolocaustAnjali Gera RoyChapter 7. The Rise and Fall of Jews as Christ Figures in Postwar Christian Theology: A Case of Universalizing the Holocaust?Jonathan ElukinChapter 8. Crimes against Humanity in French Law and Culture from Nuremberg to Barbie: The Law, the Holocaust, and the Limits of UniversalizationNorman J.W. GodaChapter 9. “Jerusalem or Babylon?”: Israel and the Universalization of Holocaust Memory during the 1980sTom EshedChapter 10. “Holocaust it Down”: Universalizing the Holocaust in American Film ComediesNathan Abrams and Michael LipinerConclusion: It’s Been Universal All Along: The Holocaust’s Global ContextsDoris L. BergenIndex

"This is a fascinating and extremely timely edited volume from a diverse group of scholars who tackle intriguing topics, situated across the globe, with aplomb. I particularly appreciate that the editors have assembled pieces that both examine the global development of Holocaust universalization (Part I) as well as texts that focus on the limits of this universalization and its critics (Part II). This integrated and thoughtful approach is among the volume's great strengths." • Katrin Paehler, Illinois State University“Taken together, most of the contributions to this volume offer a much-needed expansion of our knowledge of how the memory of the Holocaust has been universalized in particular settings. In addition to exploring Holocaust remembrance in places that have received little to no attention from scholars, overall the volume undermines simplistic characterizations of Holocaust memory as, at best, uncomplicated and, much worse, as a tool of past and ongoing oppression.” • Steven P. Remy, Brooklyn College