David J. Hak, MD, MBA, FACS graduated from the University of Michigan and received his medical degree from Ohio State University. His postdoctoral training included an orthopedic residency at the University of California at Los Angeles and an orthopedic trauma fellowship at the University of California at Davis. He received his MBA in health care administration from Auburn University. He has been on the faculty of the University of Michigan, the University of California at Davis, and the University of Colorado. Dr. Hak is a fellow of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and the American College of Surgeons. He serves in various leadership roles in the Orthopaedic Trauma Association and the International Society for Fracture Repair.Kyros R. Ipaktchi, MD received his medical degree from the Justus Liebig University in Giessen, Germany and went on to complete his residency training in general surgery and orthopedic trauma surgery at the Free University in Berlin. He completed his fellowship training in orthopedic traumatology and hand surgery at the Charite University Hospital in Berlin, Germany and was a postgraduate researcher at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, where he also completed a surgical critical care fellowship. Dr. Ipaktchi worked as faculty in orthopedic traumatology and plastic surgery at the Charite University Hospital in Berlin and at Hannover Medical Center in Hannover, Germany prior to his appointment at the University of Colorado, where he heads the hand/microvascular service at the Denver Health Medical Center.Steven J. Morgan, MD, FACS graduated from the University of Colorado and received his medical degree from the Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California. Residency training took place at the Los Angeles County University of Southern California Medical Center and was followed by an orthopedic trauma fellowship at Carolinas Medical Center in Charlotte, North Carolina. He served for over a decade as a faculty member at the University of Colorado and was the Residency Program Director before proceeding into a nonacademic practice at the Swedish Medical Center in Englewood, Colorado. Dr. Morgan is a fellow of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and the American College of Surgeons. He serves in various leadership roles in the Orthopaedic Trauma Association and the Western Orthopaedic Association.

• Dedication About the Editors Contributing Authors Foreword by J. Tracy Watson, MD Introduction Chapter 1 Introduction and Additional Educational Resources David J. Hak, MD, MBA, FACS Chapter 2 Medico-Legal Issues for the On-Call Orthopedic Surgeon Michael Suk, MD, JD, MPH, FACS and Ryan Zitzke, MD Chapter 3 On-Call Contracts and Stipends Peter L. Althausen, MD, MBA and Rafael Neiman, MD Chapter 4 Inpatient Admission Kimberly Broughton, Capt, USAF MC and Patrick M. Osborn, Lt Col, USAF MC Chapter 5 When to Transfer for a Higher Level of Care Michael A. Miranda, MD Chapter 6 Temporary External Fixation Principles Nirmal C. Tejwani, MD Chapter 7 Medical Management of the Trauma Patient Jules A. Dumais, MD Chapter 8 Compartment Syndrome Charles Moon, MD Chapter 9 Open Fractures Chukwunenye K. Osuji, MD and Mark A. Lee, MD Chapter 10 Vascular Injuries David Dromsky, MD, CDR, MC, USN Chapter 11 Distal Radius Fractures Kyros R. Ipaktchi, MD Chapter 12 Hand Fractures Kagan Ozer, MD Chapter 13 Adult Both Bone Forearm Fractures Steven J. Morgan, MD, FACS Chapter 14 Radial Head Fractures Milan K. Sen, MD Chapter 15 Olecranon Fractures David J. Hak, MD, MBA, FACS Chapter 16 Elbow Dislocations William Min, MD, MS, MBA and Philip R. Wolinsky, MD Chapter 17 Adult Bicolumnar Distal Humerus Fractures David E. Ruchelsman, MD and David C. Ring, MD, PhD Chapter 18 Humeral Shaft Fractures Bruce H. Ziran, MD; Stephen Becher, MD; and David Robinson, MD Chapter 19 Proximal Humerus Fractures Matthew D. Karam, MD and Andrew H. Schmidt, MD Chapter 20 Shoulder Dislocations and Shoulder Fracture-Dislocations Ivan A. Garcia, MD and John M. Itamura, MD Chapter 21 Clavicle Fractures Benjamin B. Barden, MD and Kyle J. Jeray, MD Chapter 22 Scapula Fractures Brett D. Crist, MD, FACS Chapter 23 Foot Fractures: Talus and Calcaneus John E. Femino, MD and Phinit Phisitkul, MD Chapter 24 Foot Fractures: Metatarsal and Lisfranc John E. Femino, MD and Phinit Phisitkul, MD Chapter 25 Ankle Fractures C. Tate Hepper, MD and Michael J. Gardner, MD Chapter 26 Pilon Fractures for the Practicing Orthopedic Surgeon Michael Sirkin, MD Chapter 27 Tibial Shaft Fractures David C. Teague, MD and William J. Ertl, MD Chapter 28 Tibial Plateau Fractures Donald A. Wiss, MD Chapter 29 Patella Fractures Daniel J. Stinner, MD and Cory Collinge, MD Chapter 30 Knee Dislocations James P. Stannard, MD Chapter 31 Supracondylar Femur Fractures David J. Merriman, MD and William M. Ricci, MD Chapter 32 Femoral Shaft Fractures James F. Mautner, MD and Michael J. Bosse, MD Chapter 33 Intertrochanteric Femur Fractures Michael P. Leslie, DO and Michael R. Baumgaertner, MD Chapter 34 Femoral Neck Fractures Cyril Mauffrey, MD, FRCS and Steven J. Morgan, MD, FACS Chapter 35 Hip Dislocations Jeffrey M. Smith, MD and Emily Benson, MD Chapter 36 Low-Energy Pelvic Ring Injuries Rupen Dattani, BSc(Hons), MBBch, MD, MRCS, FRCS(TR & Orth) and Pierre Guy, MDCM, MBA, FRCS(C) Chapter 37 High-Energy Pelvic Fractures Kaan Irgit, MD; Zhiyong Hou, MD; and Wade R. Smith, MD Chapter 38 Acetabular Fractures David Stephen, MD, FRCS(C) Chapter 39 Vertebral Burst Fractures Hiroyuki Yoshihara, MD, PhD; Todd F. VanderHeiden, MD; Sebastian Weckbach, MD; and Philip F. Stahel, MD, FACS Chapter 40 Spine Fracture-Dislocations Todd F. VanderHeiden, MD and Philip F. Stahel, MD, FACS Chapter 41 Low-Energy Spine Trauma: Low Back Pain, Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures, and Cauda Equina Syndrome Todd F. VanderHeiden, MD and Philip F. Stahel, MD, FACS Chapter 42 Pediatric Fracture Principles and Growth Plate Injuries Alfred A. Mansour III, MD and Robert E. Eilert, MD Chapter 43 Pediatric Forearm Fractures Brian K. Brighton, MD, MPH and Steven L. Frick, MD Chapter 44 Pediatric Elbow Fractures: Supracondylar Fractures, Lateral Condyle Fractures, Transphyseal Fractures Nicholas A. Beck, MD and John M. Flynn, MD Chapter 45 Pediatric Femoral Shaft Fractures Susan A. Scherl, MD Chapter 46 Pediatric Tibia Fractures John D. Polousky, MD Chapter 47 Periprosthetic Fractures of the Hip George J. Haidukewych, MD and Charles Stewart Jr, MD Chapter 48 Periprosthetic Fractures: Knee E. Mark Hammerberg, MD Chapter 49 Soft Tissue Injuries Randy Sherman, MD, FACS and Kamil Erfanian, MD Financial Disclosures Index

“This book will prove particularly useful to orthopedic surgeons taking trauma call at a lower volume community hospital. However, it also will be a worthwhile addition to the academic library for resident or registrar reference.” -Samuel J. Chmell, MD, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Doody’s Review Service

David J. Hak, MD, MBA, FACS graduated from the University of Michigan and received his medical degree from Ohio State University. His postdoctoral training included an orthopedic residency at the University of California at Los Angeles and an orthopedic trauma fellowship at the University of California at Davis. He received his MBA in health care administration from Auburn University. He has been on the faculty of the University of Michigan, the University of California at Davis, and the University of Colorado. Dr. Hak is a fellow of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and the American College of Surgeons. He serves in various leadership roles in the Orthopaedic Trauma Association and the International Society for Fracture Repair.Kyros R. Ipaktchi, MD received his medical degree from the Justus Liebig University in Giessen, Germany and went on to complete his residency training in general surgery and orthopedic trauma surgery at the Free University in Berlin. He completed his fellowship training in orthopedic traumatology and hand surgery at the Charite University Hospital in Berlin, Germany and was a postgraduate researcher at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, where he also completed a surgical critical care fellowship. Dr. Ipaktchi worked as faculty in orthopedic traumatology and plastic surgery at the Charite University Hospital in Berlin and at Hannover Medical Center in Hannover, Germany prior to his appointment at the University of Colorado, where he heads the hand/microvascular service at the Denver Health Medical Center.Steven J. Morgan, MD, FACS graduated from the University of Colorado and received his medical degree from the Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California. Residency training took place at the Los Angeles County University of Southern California Medical Center and was followed by an orthopedic trauma fellowship at Carolinas Medical Center in Charlotte, North Carolina. He served for over a decade as a faculty member at the University of Colorado and was the Residency Program Director before proceeding into a nonacademic practice at the Swedish Medical Center in Englewood, Colorado. Dr. Morgan is a fellow of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and the American College of Surgeons. He serves in various leadership roles in the Orthopaedic Trauma Association and the Western Orthopaedic Association.

• Dedication About the Editors Contributing Authors Foreword by J. Tracy Watson, MD Introduction Chapter 1 Introduction and Additional Educational Resources David J. Hak, MD, MBA, FACS Chapter 2 Medico-Legal Issues for the On-Call Orthopedic Surgeon Michael Suk, MD, JD, MPH, FACS and Ryan Zitzke, MD Chapter 3 On-Call Contracts and Stipends Peter L. Althausen, MD, MBA and Rafael Neiman, MD Chapter 4 Inpatient Admission Kimberly Broughton, Capt, USAF MC and Patrick M. Osborn, Lt Col, USAF MC Chapter 5 When to Transfer for a Higher Level of Care Michael A. Miranda, MD Chapter 6 Temporary External Fixation Principles Nirmal C. Tejwani, MD Chapter 7 Medical Management of the Trauma Patient Jules A. Dumais, MD Chapter 8 Compartment Syndrome Charles Moon, MD Chapter 9 Open Fractures Chukwunenye K. Osuji, MD and Mark A. Lee, MD Chapter 10 Vascular Injuries David Dromsky, MD, CDR, MC, USN Chapter 11 Distal Radius Fractures Kyros R. Ipaktchi, MD Chapter 12 Hand Fractures Kagan Ozer, MD Chapter 13 Adult Both Bone Forearm Fractures Steven J. Morgan, MD, FACS Chapter 14 Radial Head Fractures Milan K. Sen, MD Chapter 15 Olecranon Fractures David J. Hak, MD, MBA, FACS Chapter 16 Elbow Dislocations William Min, MD, MS, MBA and Philip R. Wolinsky, MD Chapter 17 Adult Bicolumnar Distal Humerus Fractures David E. Ruchelsman, MD and David C. Ring, MD, PhD Chapter 18 Humeral Shaft Fractures Bruce H. Ziran, MD; Stephen Becher, MD; and David Robinson, MD Chapter 19 Proximal Humerus Fractures Matthew D. Karam, MD and Andrew H. Schmidt, MD Chapter 20 Shoulder Dislocations and Shoulder Fracture-Dislocations Ivan A. Garcia, MD and John M. Itamura, MD Chapter 21 Clavicle Fractures Benjamin B. Barden, MD and Kyle J. Jeray, MD Chapter 22 Scapula Fractures Brett D. Crist, MD, FACS Chapter 23 Foot Fractures: Talus and Calcaneus John E. Femino, MD and Phinit Phisitkul, MD Chapter 24 Foot Fractures: Metatarsal and Lisfranc John E. Femino, MD and Phinit Phisitkul, MD Chapter 25 Ankle Fractures C. Tate Hepper, MD and Michael J. Gardner, MD Chapter 26 Pilon Fractures for the Practicing Orthopedic Surgeon Michael Sirkin, MD Chapter 27 Tibial Shaft Fractures David C. Teague, MD and William J. Ertl, MD Chapter 28 Tibial Plateau Fractures Donald A. Wiss, MD Chapter 29 Patella Fractures Daniel J. Stinner, MD and Cory Collinge, MD Chapter 30 Knee Dislocations James P. Stannard, MD Chapter 31 Supracondylar Femur Fractures David J. Merriman, MD and William M. Ricci, MD Chapter 32 Femoral Shaft Fractures James F. Mautner, MD and Michael J. Bosse, MD Chapter 33 Intertrochanteric Femur Fractures Michael P. Leslie, DO and Michael R. Baumgaertner, MD Chapter 34 Femoral Neck Fractures Cyril Mauffrey, MD, FRCS and Steven J. Morgan, MD, FACS Chapter 35 Hip Dislocations Jeffrey M. Smith, MD and Emily Benson, MD Chapter 36 Low-Energy Pelvic Ring Injuries Rupen Dattani, BSc(Hons), MBBch, MD, MRCS, FRCS(TR & Orth) and Pierre Guy, MDCM, MBA, FRCS(C) Chapter 37 High-Energy Pelvic Fractures Kaan Irgit, MD; Zhiyong Hou, MD; and Wade R. Smith, MD Chapter 38 Acetabular Fractures David Stephen, MD, FRCS(C) Chapter 39 Vertebral Burst Fractures Hiroyuki Yoshihara, MD, PhD; Todd F. VanderHeiden, MD; Sebastian Weckbach, MD; and Philip F. Stahel, MD, FACS Chapter 40 Spine Fracture-Dislocations Todd F. VanderHeiden, MD and Philip F. Stahel, MD, FACS Chapter 41 Low-Energy Spine Trauma: Low Back Pain, Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures, and Cauda Equina Syndrome Todd F. VanderHeiden, MD and Philip F. Stahel, MD, FACS Chapter 42 Pediatric Fracture Principles and Growth Plate Injuries Alfred A. Mansour III, MD and Robert E. Eilert, MD Chapter 43 Pediatric Forearm Fractures Brian K. Brighton, MD, MPH and Steven L. Frick, MD Chapter 44 Pediatric Elbow Fractures: Supracondylar Fractures, Lateral Condyle Fractures, Transphyseal Fractures Nicholas A. Beck, MD and John M. Flynn, MD Chapter 45 Pediatric Femoral Shaft Fractures Susan A. Scherl, MD Chapter 46 Pediatric Tibia Fractures John D. Polousky, MD Chapter 47 Periprosthetic Fractures of the Hip George J. Haidukewych, MD and Charles Stewart Jr, MD Chapter 48 Periprosthetic Fractures: Knee E. Mark Hammerberg, MD Chapter 49 Soft Tissue Injuries Randy Sherman, MD, FACS and Kamil Erfanian, MD Financial Disclosures Index

“This book will prove particularly useful to orthopedic surgeons taking trauma call at a lower volume community hospital. However, it also will be a worthwhile addition to the academic library for resident or registrar reference.” -Samuel J. Chmell, MD, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Doody’s Review Service

David J. Hak, MD, MBA, FACS graduated from the University of Michigan and received his medical degree from Ohio State University. His postdoctoral training included an orthopedic residency at the University of California at Los Angeles and an orthopedic trauma fellowship at the University of California at Davis. He received his MBA in health care administration from Auburn University. He has been on the faculty of the University of Michigan, the University of California at Davis, and the University of Colorado. Dr. Hak is a fellow of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and the American College of Surgeons. He serves in various leadership roles in the Orthopaedic Trauma Association and the International Society for Fracture Repair.Kyros R. Ipaktchi, MD received his medical degree from the Justus Liebig University in Giessen, Germany and went on to complete his residency training in general surgery and orthopedic trauma surgery at the Free University in Berlin. He completed his fellowship training in orthopedic traumatology and hand surgery at the Charite University Hospital in Berlin, Germany and was a postgraduate researcher at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, where he also completed a surgical critical care fellowship. Dr. Ipaktchi worked as faculty in orthopedic traumatology and plastic surgery at the Charite University Hospital in Berlin and at Hannover Medical Center in Hannover, Germany prior to his appointment at the University of Colorado, where he heads the hand/microvascular service at the Denver Health Medical Center.Steven J. Morgan, MD, FACS graduated from the University of Colorado and received his medical degree from the Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California. Residency training took place at the Los Angeles County University of Southern California Medical Center and was followed by an orthopedic trauma fellowship at Carolinas Medical Center in Charlotte, North Carolina. He served for over a decade as a faculty member at the University of Colorado and was the Residency Program Director before proceeding into a nonacademic practice at the Swedish Medical Center in Englewood, Colorado. Dr. Morgan is a fellow of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and the American College of Surgeons. He serves in various leadership roles in the Orthopaedic Trauma Association and the Western Orthopaedic Association.

• Dedication About the Editors Contributing Authors Foreword by J. Tracy Watson, MD Introduction Chapter 1 Introduction and Additional Educational Resources David J. Hak, MD, MBA, FACS Chapter 2 Medico-Legal Issues for the On-Call Orthopedic Surgeon Michael Suk, MD, JD, MPH, FACS and Ryan Zitzke, MD Chapter 3 On-Call Contracts and Stipends Peter L. Althausen, MD, MBA and Rafael Neiman, MD Chapter 4 Inpatient Admission Kimberly Broughton, Capt, USAF MC and Patrick M. Osborn, Lt Col, USAF MC Chapter 5 When to Transfer for a Higher Level of Care Michael A. Miranda, MD Chapter 6 Temporary External Fixation Principles Nirmal C. Tejwani, MD Chapter 7 Medical Management of the Trauma Patient Jules A. Dumais, MD Chapter 8 Compartment Syndrome Charles Moon, MD Chapter 9 Open Fractures Chukwunenye K. Osuji, MD and Mark A. Lee, MD Chapter 10 Vascular Injuries David Dromsky, MD, CDR, MC, USN Chapter 11 Distal Radius Fractures Kyros R. Ipaktchi, MD Chapter 12 Hand Fractures Kagan Ozer, MD Chapter 13 Adult Both Bone Forearm Fractures Steven J. Morgan, MD, FACS Chapter 14 Radial Head Fractures Milan K. Sen, MD Chapter 15 Olecranon Fractures David J. Hak, MD, MBA, FACS Chapter 16 Elbow Dislocations William Min, MD, MS, MBA and Philip R. Wolinsky, MD Chapter 17 Adult Bicolumnar Distal Humerus Fractures David E. Ruchelsman, MD and David C. Ring, MD, PhD Chapter 18 Humeral Shaft Fractures Bruce H. Ziran, MD; Stephen Becher, MD; and David Robinson, MD Chapter 19 Proximal Humerus Fractures Matthew D. Karam, MD and Andrew H. Schmidt, MD Chapter 20 Shoulder Dislocations and Shoulder Fracture-Dislocations Ivan A. Garcia, MD and John M. Itamura, MD Chapter 21 Clavicle Fractures Benjamin B. Barden, MD and Kyle J. Jeray, MD Chapter 22 Scapula Fractures Brett D. Crist, MD, FACS Chapter 23 Foot Fractures: Talus and Calcaneus John E. Femino, MD and Phinit Phisitkul, MD Chapter 24 Foot Fractures: Metatarsal and Lisfranc John E. Femino, MD and Phinit Phisitkul, MD Chapter 25 Ankle Fractures C. Tate Hepper, MD and Michael J. Gardner, MD Chapter 26 Pilon Fractures for the Practicing Orthopedic Surgeon Michael Sirkin, MD Chapter 27 Tibial Shaft Fractures David C. Teague, MD and William J. Ertl, MD Chapter 28 Tibial Plateau Fractures Donald A. Wiss, MD Chapter 29 Patella Fractures Daniel J. Stinner, MD and Cory Collinge, MD Chapter 30 Knee Dislocations James P. Stannard, MD Chapter 31 Supracondylar Femur Fractures David J. Merriman, MD and William M. Ricci, MD Chapter 32 Femoral Shaft Fractures James F. Mautner, MD and Michael J. Bosse, MD Chapter 33 Intertrochanteric Femur Fractures Michael P. Leslie, DO and Michael R. Baumgaertner, MD Chapter 34 Femoral Neck Fractures Cyril Mauffrey, MD, FRCS and Steven J. Morgan, MD, FACS Chapter 35 Hip Dislocations Jeffrey M. Smith, MD and Emily Benson, MD Chapter 36 Low-Energy Pelvic Ring Injuries Rupen Dattani, BSc(Hons), MBBch, MD, MRCS, FRCS(TR & Orth) and Pierre Guy, MDCM, MBA, FRCS(C) Chapter 37 High-Energy Pelvic Fractures Kaan Irgit, MD; Zhiyong Hou, MD; and Wade R. Smith, MD Chapter 38 Acetabular Fractures David Stephen, MD, FRCS(C) Chapter 39 Vertebral Burst Fractures Hiroyuki Yoshihara, MD, PhD; Todd F. VanderHeiden, MD; Sebastian Weckbach, MD; and Philip F. Stahel, MD, FACS Chapter 40 Spine Fracture-Dislocations Todd F. VanderHeiden, MD and Philip F. Stahel, MD, FACS Chapter 41 Low-Energy Spine Trauma: Low Back Pain, Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures, and Cauda Equina Syndrome Todd F. VanderHeiden, MD and Philip F. Stahel, MD, FACS Chapter 42 Pediatric Fracture Principles and Growth Plate Injuries Alfred A. Mansour III, MD and Robert E. Eilert, MD Chapter 43 Pediatric Forearm Fractures Brian K. Brighton, MD, MPH and Steven L. Frick, MD Chapter 44 Pediatric Elbow Fractures: Supracondylar Fractures, Lateral Condyle Fractures, Transphyseal Fractures Nicholas A. Beck, MD and John M. Flynn, MD Chapter 45 Pediatric Femoral Shaft Fractures Susan A. Scherl, MD Chapter 46 Pediatric Tibia Fractures John D. Polousky, MD Chapter 47 Periprosthetic Fractures of the Hip George J. Haidukewych, MD and Charles Stewart Jr, MD Chapter 48 Periprosthetic Fractures: Knee E. Mark Hammerberg, MD Chapter 49 Soft Tissue Injuries Randy Sherman, MD, FACS and Kamil Erfanian, MD Financial Disclosures Index

“This book will prove particularly useful to orthopedic surgeons taking trauma call at a lower volume community hospital. However, it also will be a worthwhile addition to the academic library for resident or registrar reference.” -Samuel J. Chmell, MD, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Doody’s Review Service