Yuichiro Shimizu is Professor in the Faculty of Policy Management at Keio University, Japan. He is the author of Birth of the Bureaucrats (2013), Party and the Bureaucracy in Modern Japan: Clash of the Constitutional Government (2007).Amin Ghadimi is Assistant Professor of International Studies at Utsunomiya University, Japan, having received his doctorate from Harvard University, USA. He has published articles in Social Science Japan Journal and Global Intellectual History.