Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior

Steve M. Jex, Ph.D., is a Professor of Psychology at the University of Central Florida. His research focuses on the impact of individual differences on employee responses to stressors in the workplace, and more recently how employees balance chronic illness with work demands. Dr. Jex is the author of over 100 journal articles and book chapters, as well as three books.Thomas W. Britt, Ph.D., is a Professor of Psychology at Clemson University. He has published over 100 academic articles, two books, and multiple book chapters. His current research addresses factors that promote resilience among employees in high stress occupations and has been funded by grants from the Department of Defense and NASA.Cynthia A. Thompson, Ph.D., is a Professor of Management in the Zicklin School of Business at Baruch College, City University of New York. Her research on the work-life interface has been published in leading journals, including the Journal of Applied Psychology, the Journal of Vocational Behavior, and the Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, as well as in many book chapters.https://zicklin.baruch.cuny.edu/faculty-profile/cynthia-a-thompson/

• About the Authors xiiiPreface xvAbout the Companion Website xxiChapter 1 Introduction to the Fields of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior 1What is Organizational Psychology? 2Organizational Psychology in Context 4What is Organizational Behavior? 5Organizational Behavior in Context 6The Scientist-Practitioner Approach 8Practitioner Spotlight: Dr. Wheeler H. Nakahara 15Historical Influences on Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior 17People Behind the Research: Dr. Mindy K. Shoss 28The Chapter Sequence 32Chapter Summary 33Suggested Additional Readings 33References 34Chapter 2 Design of Research Underlying Managerial Decisions 39Methods of Data Collection 40People Behind the Research: Dr. Nathan A. Bowling 51Practitioner Spotlight: Dr. Thaddeus Rada-Bayne 55Choosing among Data Collection Methods 62Special Issues in Data Collection for Organizational Researchers 65Ethics in Data Collection 71Chapter Summary 71Appendix A: Data Analysis in Organizational Research 72Special Issues in Statistical Analysis 79Appendix Summary 89Suggested Additional Readings 89References 90Chapter 3 Recruitment, Attraction, Socialization, and Retention (RASR) 98Recruitment and Attraction: An Organizational Perspective 99Recruitment and Attraction: The Applicant’s Perspective 108Practitioner Spotlight: Jamie Winter 111An Introduction to Organizational Socialization 113The Socialization Process: An Organizational Perspective 117The Socialization Process: A Newcomer Perspective 124The Socialization Process: An Interactionist Perspective 133People Behind the Research: Dr. Connie Wanberg 134Special Issues in Organizational Socialization Research 135Employee Retention: Making Recruitment and Socialization Pay Off 136Chapter Summary 142Suggested Additional Readings 143References 143Chapter 4 Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) 150The Times they are A’Changin’ 150Why the Heightened Focus on DEI? 151What Exactly is DEI? 152The Legal Framework Underlying DEI 154Discrimination is not Just Black and White: Intersectionality in the Workplace 171People Behind the Research: Dr. Tsedale M. Melaku 172Psychological and Cognitive Mechanisms Underlying Bias in the Workplace 174Moving Beyond Bias and Discrimination: The Case for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion 176Theoretical and Practical Approaches to Understanding and Managing DEI 178In Practice: Increasing Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion 184Practitioner Spotlight: Dr. Anna Marie Valerio 194Summary 196Suggested Additional Readings 197References 198Chapter 5 Managing the Work–life Interface: Individual and Organizational Strategies 211Some Basic Assumptions (and Myths) About the Work–Life Interface 213Understanding the Work–Life Interface 214Who Experiences Work–Family Conflict? 217Antecedents of Work–Family Conflict 218Consequences of Work–Family Conflict 220Reducing and Preventing Work–Family Conflict 222Practitioner Spotlight: Kelly Barrena 227The Positive Side of the Work–Family Interface 230What About Work–Family Balance? 231Pulling It All Together: A Model of Work and Family 233Chapter Summary 234People Behind the Research: Dr. Tammy Allen 235Suggested Additional Readings 236References 237Chapter 6 Productive and Counterproductive Behavior in Organizations 246Productive Behavior in Organizations 247Defining Productive Behavior 247Job Performance 248People Behind the Research: Dr. John Campbell 251Measurement of Job Performance 256Determinants of Job Performance 261Organizational Citizenship Behavior 272Practitioner Spotlight: Dr. E. Scott Geller 274Counterproductive Behavior in Organizations 281Conceptualizing Task Performance, OCBS, and CWBS Together 295Chapter Summary 296Suggested Additional Readings 297References 298Chapter 7 Employee Health, Safety, and Well-Being 312Employee Health, Safety, and Well-Being: The Broader Context 313An Introduction to Occupational Stress 315Occupational Stress: A Brief History 316Approaches and Terminology Used in Occupational Stress 318Occupational Stress Models 322Stressors in the Workplace 329Employee Safety 343Personal Resources: Coping, Resilience, and Recovery 344People Behind the Research: Dr. Danielle D. King 347Employee Health, Safety, and Well-Being in Vulnerable Populations 350Reducing the Impact of Workplace Stressors 351Practitioner Spotlight: Dr. Erin Eatough 352Employee Health, Safety, and Well-Being: A Cross-Cultural Perspective 358Chapter Summary 360Suggested Additional Readings 362References 362Chapter 8 Beliefs, Attitudes, and Perceptions of Work and the Organization 383Job Satisfaction 384People Behind the Research: Dr. Paul E. Spector 390Organizational Commitment 410Additional Job Beliefs 423Practitioner Spotlight: Dr. Kalifa Oliver 427Chapter Summary 433Suggested Additional Readings 434References 435Chapter 9 Employee Motivation 447Defining Motivation and Basic Assumptions 447Understanding Motivated Behavior Among Employees 449Organizational Influences on Motivation 466Organizational Reward Systems 468Practitioner Spotlight: Dr. Fred Mael 478Motivation Through the Design of Work 480People Behind the Research: Dr. Adam Grant 491Recent Directions in Employee Motivation 495Chapter Summary 499References 500Chapter 10 Leadership and Influence Processes 511Defining Leadership 512General Approaches to Leadership 515People Behind the Research: Dr. Alice Eagly 519Modern Theories of Leadership 524Practitioner Spotlight: John Mattone 539Power and Influence in Organizations 544Chapter Summary 557Suggested Additional Readings 559References 560Chapter 11 Team Dynamics and Processes Within Organizations 571Stages of Team Development 572Defining Team Effectiveness 575Models of Team Effectiveness 577Determinants of Team Effectiveness 588Within-Team Processes 598Between Team Processes 607Enhancing the Effectiveness of Teams 608People Behind the Research: Dr. Marissa Shuffler 609Emerging Issues in Teams Research: Virtual Teams and Teams in Extreme Environments 614Practitioner Spotlight: Dr. Kara Orvis 615The Future of Teams in Organizations 621Chapter Summary 622References 624Chapter 12 Organizational Culture and Climate 635Organizational Culture: Definition and Underlying Structure 636Models of Organizational Culture 638Manifestations of Organizational Culture 645The Development of Organizational Culture 651Measuring Organizational Culture 652Changing Organizational Culture 655Practitioner Spotlight: Dr. David Howard 656The Impact of Organizational Culture 663Organizational Culture and National Culture 667Organizational Climate: The Shared Psychological Experience 667Organizational Outcome Climates 669Organizational Process Climates 672Measuring Organizational Climate 674People Behind the Research: Dr. Jeremy Beus 675Changing Organizational Climate 677Future Issues in Organizatiomal Climate Research 678Chapter Summary 679Suggested Additional Readings 681References 681Chapter 13 Organizational Change and Development 691What is Organizational Development and Why is It Used? 692Organizational Development: Historical Foundations and Recent Trends 693The Theory Base of Organizational Development 698People Behind the Research: Dr. W. Warner Burke 707Organizational Change Interventions 711Conditions that Impact Successful Organizational Change 723Practitioner Spotlight: Dr. Sandy Fiaschetti 725Evaluation of Organizational Development Programs 731Special Issues in Client–Consultant Relationships 738Chapter Summary 740Suggested Additional Readings 742References 742Chapter 14 Creating Sustainable Organizations in a Warming World 750Defining Sustainability 751State of Our Planet: A Brief Introduction to Climate Change and its Impacts 752Experts from Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior Weigh in 759Moving Forward: Accelerating the Focus on Sustainability 760People Behind the Research: Dr. Mindy Engle-Friedman 777Practitioner Spotlight: Patrick Gaston 779Everything, Everywhere, All at Once: We Can do This! 781Chapter Summary 786Suggested Additional Readings 787References 787Index 794