EditorsVincenzo Belgiorno, Vincenzo Naddeo & Tiziano ZarraSanitary Environmental Engineering Division (SEED), Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, Italy

• List of Contributors xiPreface xiiiGlossary and Abbreviations xv1 Introduction 1V. Naddeo, V. Belgiorno and T. Zarra1.1 Origin and Definition 11.2 Quantifying Odour 21.3 Effects of Odour 31.4 Odour Impact Assessment Approaches 4References 42 Odour Characterization and Exposure Effects 7V. Naddeo, V. Belgiorno and T. Zarra2.1 Attribute Descriptors 72.2 Chemistry and Odours 162.3 Odorous Compounds, Thresholds and Sources 192.4 Public Health Relevance of Odour Exposure 222.5 Odour Annoyance and Nuisance 24References 283 Instruments and Methods for Odour Sampling and Measurement 31Sections 3.1–3.4 31T. Zarra, V. Naddeo and V. Belgiorno3.1 Introduction 313.2 Sampling Techniques 323.3 Measurement of Odorous Substances 363.4 Determination of Odour Concentration by Dynamic Olfactometry 403.5 Determination of Odour Concentration by the Triangular Odour Bag Method 43T. Higuchi3.6 Estimation of Emission Rate 50T. Zarra, V. Naddeo and V. Belgiorno3.7 Measurement of Odour Exposure by Field Assessment 59T. Zarra, V. Naddeo and V. Belgiorno3.8 Measurement of Odour by Sensor Arrays 63N. Dutta and M. Bhuyan4 Strategies for Odour Control 85J. M. Estrada, R. Lebrero, G. Quijano, N. J. R. Kraakman, R. Muñoz4.1 Introduction 854.2 Control of Odour Dispersion 874.3 Control of Odour Effects on an Exposed Community 904.4 Control of Odour Emission 92References 1195 Dispersion Modelling for Odour Exposure Assessment 125M. Piringer and G. Schauberger5.1 Introduction 1255.2 Odour Perception 1265.3 Overview on Types of Odour Dispersion Model 1325.4 Algorithms to Estimate Short-Term Odour Concentrations 1355.5 Annoyance 1435.6 Odour Impact Criteria for Use in Dispersion Modelling 1455.7 Meteorological Input to Odour Dispersion Models 1525.8 Evaluation of Odour Dispersion Models 165References 1686 Odour Regulation and Policies 175S. Sironi, L. Capelli, L. Dentoni and R. Del Rosso6.1 Introduction 1756.2 Regulation Based on Air Quality Standards and Limit Values 1776.3 Regulation Based on Direct Exposure Assessment 1786.4 Regulation Based on ‘No Annoyance’ 1806.5 Regulation Based on Application of Best Practice 1816.6 Comparison of Different Regulatory Approaches 183References 1837 Procedures for Odour Impact Assessment 187V. Naddeo, V. Belgiorno and T. Zarra7.1 Introduction 1877.2 Factors Contributing to Odour Impact 1877.3 Odour Impact Assessment from Exposure Measurement 1907.4 Odour Impact Assessment from Sources 1937.5 Mitigation of Odour Impact 1977.6 Odour Monitoring 201References 2038 Case Studies for Assessment, Control and Prediction of Odour Impact 2058.1 Urban Wastewater Treatment Plant 205J. LehtinenReferences 2188.2 Composting Plant 219S. Giuliani, T. Zarra, M. Reiser, V. Naddeo, M. Kranert, V. BelgiornoReferences 2288.3 Landfill of Solid Waste 230A.C. Romain and J. NicolasReferences 2488.4 Industrial Activities 249I. SówkaReferences 2578.5 Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation (CAFO) Plants 259K. Y. WangReferences 2688.6 Assessment, Control and Management of Odour in Sensitive Areas 269N. Kalogerakis and M. LazaridisReferences 282Index 285