Numerals and Arithmetic in the Middle Ages

Charles Burnett is Professor of the History of Islamic Influences in Europe at the Warburg Institute, University of London, UK

• Contents: Preface; The abacus at Echternach in ca. 1000 A.D; Abbon de Fleury, abaci doctor; Algorismi vel helcep decentior est diligentia: the arithmetic of Adelard of Bath and his circle;Ten or forty? A confusing numerical symbol in the Middle Ages; Indian numerals in the Mediterranean basin in the 12th century, with special reference to the 'Eastern forms'; The use of Arabic numerals among the three language cultures of Norman Sicily; Why we read Arabic numerals backwards; The Toledan Regule (Liber Alchorismi, part II): a 12th-century arithmetical miscellany, (with Ji-Wei Zhao and Kurt Lampe); Learning Indian arithmetic in the early 13th century; Latin alphanumerical notation and annotation in Italian in the 12th century: MS London, British Library, Harley 5402; Fibonacci's 'method of the Indians'; Addenda and corrigenda; Indexes.

'The research represented by these papers is meticulous and insightful; the book should be a first point of contact for any scholar interested in the introduction of Hindu-Arabic numerals to medieval Europe. It does not provide a comprehensive narrative, but that is not the point of a Variorum volume. Rather, it gathers the scholarship together, making it more accessible than it would have been otherwise. That is a contribution for which we should be grateful.' Mathematical Reviews '... this collection of articles is immensely rich in insights... The book can be recommended to anybody working on matters which it deals with...' Aestimatio '... a wealth of information, enriched with bibliography, diagrams, a huge number of photographs of manuscript folia and relevant footnotes, as well as useful indexes on names, manuscripts and mathematical terms. The work bears witness to Burnett's mastery of manuscripts, the Latin Language and palaeography, and of the historical scientific medieval context... an impressive and exhaustive treatment of the subject from many different perspectives, which makes this volume a rigorous and invaluable instrument for scholars dealing with medieval scientific manuscripts.' Suhayl