This second edition provides a sound basis for the molecular investigation of NLR function in health and disease. Chapters focus on NLR as innate immune receptors, “atypical” inflammasomes, biochemical and novel bioluminescence techniques for the measurement of IL-1b as readout of NLR-based inflammasomes, bioluminescent probe, biochemical and microscopy techniques, techniques to measure caspase-1 activation, cell free systems for the study of inflammasome function, and inflammasome activation. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, NLR Proteins: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition aims to be a useful and practical guide to new researcher sand experts looking to expand their knowledge.