Chrysi Dagoula is an Assistant Professor at the Centre for Media and Journalism Studies, University of Groningen, Netherlands.

• List of figures List of tables Acknowledgements IntroductionChapter 1. The two dominant views of Twitter and news journalism1.1. Twitter as enabling and benefiting news journalism1.2. Twitter as distorting news journalismChapter 2. Punctuated equilibrium: disruption, adaption and normalisation2.1. The institution of news journalism and punctuated equilibrium2.2. Disruption as a commonplace eventChapter 3. What news journalists say about their use of Twitter3.1. Qualitative approach: research interviews3.2. Questionnaire themes concerning the evolutionary impact of Twitter on news journalism3.3 Journalists’ evaluation of Twitter’s costs and benefits to news journalismChapter 4. From disruption to normalisation: journalists’ accounts on Twitter (2009–2021)4.1. An account of the participants 4.2. The participants’ first Tweets: 2009–20114.3. The ‘presentation of self’: how the participants chose to display their biographical information4.4. Account core features: account activity, use of hashtags and mentions and formatting tweets and textual choicesChapter 5. An evaluation of the direct and indirect costs and benefits of Twitter to news journalismReferences