Chen Chen is currently a Research Assistant Professor at the University of Virginia. Before joining the University of Virginia, she was a software engineer at Google working on personalized recommendations for Google Assistant. Chen received her Ph.D. from Arizona State University. Her research has focused on the connectivity of complex networks, which has been applied to address pressing challenges in various high-impact domains, including social media, bioinformatics, recommendation, and critical infrastructure systems. Her research has appeared in top-tier conferences (including KDD, ICDM, SDM, WSDM, and DASFAA), and prestigious journals (including IEEE TKDE, ACM TKDD, and SIAM SAM). Chen has received several awards, including Bests of SDM’15, Bests of KDD’16, Rising Star in EECS’19, and Outstanding Reviewer of WSDM’21.Hanghang Tong is currently an associate professor at the Department of Computer Science at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Before that, he was an associate professor at the School of Computing, Informatics, and Decision Systems Engineering (CIDSE), Arizona State University. He received his M.Sc. and Ph.D. from Carnegie Mellon University in 2008 and 2009, respectively, both in Machine Learning. His research interest is in large-scale data mining for graphs and multimedia. He has received several awards, including SDM/IBM Early Career Data Mining Research award (2018), NSF CAREER award (2017), ICDM 10-Year Highest Impact Paper award (2015), four best paper awards (TUP’14, CIKM’12, SDM’08, ICDM’06), seven “bests of conference,” one best demo, honorable mention (SIGMOD’17), and one best demo candidate, second place (CIKM’17). He has published over 100 refereed articles. He is the Editor-in-Chief of SIGKDD Explorations (ACM), an action editor of Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery (Springer), and an associate editor of Knowledge and Information Systems (Springer) and Neurocomputing Journal (Elsevier). He has served as a program committee member in multiple data mining, database, and artificial intelligence venues (e.g.,SIGKDD, SIGMOD, AAAI, WWW, CIKM, etc.).

• Acknowledgments.- Introduction.- Connectivity Measure Concepts.- Connectivity Inference Computation.- Network Connectivity Optimization.- Conclusion and Future Work.- Bibliography.- Authors' Biographies.

Chen Chen is currently a Research Assistant Professor at the University of Virginia. Before joining the University of Virginia, she was a software engineer at Google working on personalized recommendations for Google Assistant. Chen received her Ph.D. from Arizona State University. Her research has focused on the connectivity of complex networks, which has been applied to address pressing challenges in various high-impact domains, including social media, bioinformatics, recommendation, and critical infrastructure systems. Her research has appeared in top-tier conferences (including KDD, ICDM, SDM, WSDM, and DASFAA), and prestigious journals (including IEEE TKDE, ACM TKDD, and SIAM SAM). Chen has received several awards, including Bests of SDM’15, Bests of KDD’16, Rising Star in EECS’19, and Outstanding Reviewer of WSDM’21.Hanghang Tong is currently an associate professor at the Department of Computer Science at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Before that, he was an associate professor at the School of Computing, Informatics, and Decision Systems Engineering (CIDSE), Arizona State University. He received his M.Sc. and Ph.D. from Carnegie Mellon University in 2008 and 2009, respectively, both in Machine Learning. His research interest is in large-scale data mining for graphs and multimedia. He has received several awards, including SDM/IBM Early Career Data Mining Research award (2018), NSF CAREER award (2017), ICDM 10-Year Highest Impact Paper award (2015), four best paper awards (TUP’14, CIKM’12, SDM’08, ICDM’06), seven “bests of conference,” one best demo, honorable mention (SIGMOD’17), and one best demo candidate, second place (CIKM’17). He has published over 100 refereed articles. He is the Editor-in-Chief of SIGKDD Explorations (ACM), an action editor of Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery (Springer), and an associate editor of Knowledge and Information Systems (Springer) and Neurocomputing Journal (Elsevier). He has served as a program committee member in multiple data mining, database, and artificial intelligence venues (e.g.,SIGKDD, SIGMOD, AAAI, WWW, CIKM, etc.).

• Acknowledgments.- Introduction.- Connectivity Measure Concepts.- Connectivity Inference Computation.- Network Connectivity Optimization.- Conclusion and Future Work.- Bibliography.- Authors' Biographies.

Chen Chen is currently a Research Assistant Professor at the University of Virginia. Before joining the University of Virginia, she was a software engineer at Google working on personalized recommendations for Google Assistant. Chen received her Ph.D. from Arizona State University. Her research has focused on the connectivity of complex networks, which has been applied to address pressing challenges in various high-impact domains, including social media, bioinformatics, recommendation, and critical infrastructure systems. Her research has appeared in top-tier conferences (including KDD, ICDM, SDM, WSDM, and DASFAA), and prestigious journals (including IEEE TKDE, ACM TKDD, and SIAM SAM). Chen has received several awards, including Bests of SDM’15, Bests of KDD’16, Rising Star in EECS’19, and Outstanding Reviewer of WSDM’21.Hanghang Tong is currently an associate professor at the Department of Computer Science at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Before that, he was an associate professor at the School of Computing, Informatics, and Decision Systems Engineering (CIDSE), Arizona State University. He received his M.Sc. and Ph.D. from Carnegie Mellon University in 2008 and 2009, respectively, both in Machine Learning. His research interest is in large-scale data mining for graphs and multimedia. He has received several awards, including SDM/IBM Early Career Data Mining Research award (2018), NSF CAREER award (2017), ICDM 10-Year Highest Impact Paper award (2015), four best paper awards (TUP’14, CIKM’12, SDM’08, ICDM’06), seven “bests of conference,” one best demo, honorable mention (SIGMOD’17), and one best demo candidate, second place (CIKM’17). He has published over 100 refereed articles. He is the Editor-in-Chief of SIGKDD Explorations (ACM), an action editor of Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery (Springer), and an associate editor of Knowledge and Information Systems (Springer) and Neurocomputing Journal (Elsevier). He has served as a program committee member in multiple data mining, database, and artificial intelligence venues (e.g.,SIGKDD, SIGMOD, AAAI, WWW, CIKM, etc.).

• Acknowledgments.- Introduction.- Connectivity Measure Concepts.- Connectivity Inference Computation.- Network Connectivity Optimization.- Conclusion and Future Work.- Bibliography.- Authors' Biographies.