This three-volume set constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th National CCF Conference on Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing, NLPCC 2023, held in Foshan, China, during October 12–15, 2023.The 143 regular papers included in these proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from 478 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: dialogue systems; fundamentals of NLP; information extraction and knowledge graph; machine learning for NLP; machine translation and multilinguality; multimodality and explainability; NLP applications and text mining; question answering; large language models; summarization and generation; student workshop; and evaluation workshop.