Sunipa Roy received her M.Tech degree in VLSI and microelectronics from West Bengal University of Technology in 2009 and her PhD in engineering from Jadavpur University, ETCE Dept in 2014. She has served as a senior research fellow of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Govt of India. She is a Chartered Engineer of Institution of Engineers (India) and a member of IEEE. Presently she is Head in the Electronics and Telecommunication Engg. Department at Guru Nanak Institute of Technology (JIS Group). Her research interests include MEMS, nanocrystalline metal oxide, graphene and its application as a gas sensor. She has authored one book (CRC Press) and published several research papers in referred international journals and national/international conferences. She also supervises PhD students.Dr. Chandan Kumar Ghosh is an Assistant Professor at School of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Jadavpur University. He received Ph.D. from Department of Physics, Jadavpur University in the year 2010. His main scientific interest includes: synthesis and study of optical properties of nanomaterials, green synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles, antibacterial activity of nanomaterials and electronic structure calculation by density functional theory. He has published more than 45 papers in different peer reviewed international journals.C K Sarkar (SM’87) received the M.Sc. degree in Physics from the Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India, in 1975, the Ph.D. degree from Calcutta University, Kolkata, India, in 1979, and the D.Phil. degree from the University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K., in 1983. He was also Postdoctoral Research Fellow of the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851 at the Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, from 1983 to 1985. He was a fellow of Wolfson College, Oxford. He held graduate award at Wolfson College. He was also a tutor and lab instructor at Clarendon Laboratory. He was also a Visiting Fellow with the Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden; Max Planck Institute at Stuttgart, Germany. He joined Jadavpur University, Kolkata, in 1987 as a Reader in Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering. Subsequently, he became a Professor and the Head of the Department of Physics, and Dean of Faculty of Science Bengal Engineering Science University (BESU) during 1996-99. Later he once again joined Jadavpur University ETCE Department as a Professor. He has served as a Visiting Professor in many universities such as Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan and Hong Kong University, Hong Kong. Since 1999, he has been a Professor with the Department of Electronics and Telecommunication and has published more than 300 papers in journals of repute and in well-known International Conferences. He has guided more than twenty Ph.D. candidates. Dr. Sarkar is the Chair of the IEEE Electron Devices Society (EDS), Calcutta Chapter and former Vice Chair of IEEE Section. He serves as a Distinguished Lecturer of the IEEE, EDS and was invited to several countries. He is a fellow of IE (India) Chartered Engineer, IETE and WBAST. Currently he is an associate of Third World Academy of Science at National University La Plata Argentina. Previously he was associated with Shanghai Institute Metallurgy, Shanghai. He has been awarded INSA-Royal Society (UK) fellowship to visit several UK universities.

• Preface Editors Authors Contributors 1. Introduction: Motivation for Nanotechnology2. Introductory Quantum Mechanics for Nanoscience3. Crystallography, Band Structure, and Density of States at Nanoscale4. Growth Techniques and Characterization Tools of Nanomaterials5. Electrical Transport in Nanostructures6. Synthesis of Noble Metal Nanoparticles: Chemical and Physical Routes7. Biological Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles: A Green Alternative8. Environmental and Biological Applications of Nanoparticles9. Nanogenerator: A Self-Powered Nanodevice10. Solar Photovoltaic: From Materials to System11. Volatile Organic Compound–Sensing with Different Nanostructures12. Nanoscience with Graphene13. Nanoscale Silicon MOS Transistors14. Nanotechnology Applications in Electron Devices15. Micro/Nanoelectromechanical SystemsIndex

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Sunipa Roy received her M.Tech degree in VLSI and microelectronics from West Bengal University of Technology in 2009 and her PhD in engineering from Jadavpur University, ETCE Dept in 2014. She has served as a senior research fellow of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Govt of India. She is a Chartered Engineer of Institution of Engineers (India) and a member of IEEE. Presently she is Head in the Electronics and Telecommunication Engg. Department at Guru Nanak Institute of Technology (JIS Group). Her research interests include MEMS, nanocrystalline metal oxide, graphene and its application as a gas sensor. She has authored one book (CRC Press) and published several research papers in referred international journals and national/international conferences. She also supervises PhD students.Dr. Chandan Kumar Ghosh is an Assistant Professor at School of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Jadavpur University. He received Ph.D. from Department of Physics, Jadavpur University in the year 2010. His main scientific interest includes: synthesis and study of optical properties of nanomaterials, green synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles, antibacterial activity of nanomaterials and electronic structure calculation by density functional theory. He has published more than 45 papers in different peer reviewed international journals.C K Sarkar (SM’87) received the M.Sc. degree in Physics from the Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India, in 1975, the Ph.D. degree from Calcutta University, Kolkata, India, in 1979, and the D.Phil. degree from the University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K., in 1983. He was also Postdoctoral Research Fellow of the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851 at the Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, from 1983 to 1985. He was a fellow of Wolfson College, Oxford. He held graduate award at Wolfson College. He was also a tutor and lab instructor at Clarendon Laboratory. He was also a Visiting Fellow with the Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden; Max Planck Institute at Stuttgart, Germany. He joined Jadavpur University, Kolkata, in 1987 as a Reader in Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering. Subsequently, he became a Professor and the Head of the Department of Physics, and Dean of Faculty of Science Bengal Engineering Science University (BESU) during 1996-99. Later he once again joined Jadavpur University ETCE Department as a Professor. He has served as a Visiting Professor in many universities such as Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan and Hong Kong University, Hong Kong. Since 1999, he has been a Professor with the Department of Electronics and Telecommunication and has published more than 300 papers in journals of repute and in well-known International Conferences. He has guided more than twenty Ph.D. candidates. Dr. Sarkar is the Chair of the IEEE Electron Devices Society (EDS), Calcutta Chapter and former Vice Chair of IEEE Section. He serves as a Distinguished Lecturer of the IEEE, EDS and was invited to several countries. He is a fellow of IE (India) Chartered Engineer, IETE and WBAST. Currently he is an associate of Third World Academy of Science at National University La Plata Argentina. Previously he was associated with Shanghai Institute Metallurgy, Shanghai. He has been awarded INSA-Royal Society (UK) fellowship to visit several UK universities.

• Preface Editors Authors Contributors 1. Introduction: Motivation for Nanotechnology2. Introductory Quantum Mechanics for Nanoscience3. Crystallography, Band Structure, and Density of States at Nanoscale4. Growth Techniques and Characterization Tools of Nanomaterials5. Electrical Transport in Nanostructures6. Synthesis of Noble Metal Nanoparticles: Chemical and Physical Routes7. Biological Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles: A Green Alternative8. Environmental and Biological Applications of Nanoparticles9. Nanogenerator: A Self-Powered Nanodevice10. Solar Photovoltaic: From Materials to System11. Volatile Organic Compound–Sensing with Different Nanostructures12. Nanoscience with Graphene13. Nanoscale Silicon MOS Transistors14. Nanotechnology Applications in Electron Devices15. Micro/Nanoelectromechanical SystemsIndex

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Sunipa Roy received her M.Tech degree in VLSI and microelectronics from West Bengal University of Technology in 2009 and her PhD in engineering from Jadavpur University, ETCE Dept in 2014. She has served as a senior research fellow of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Govt of India. She is a Chartered Engineer of Institution of Engineers (India) and a member of IEEE. Presently she is Head in the Electronics and Telecommunication Engg. Department at Guru Nanak Institute of Technology (JIS Group). Her research interests include MEMS, nanocrystalline metal oxide, graphene and its application as a gas sensor. She has authored one book (CRC Press) and published several research papers in referred international journals and national/international conferences. She also supervises PhD students.Dr. Chandan Kumar Ghosh is an Assistant Professor at School of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Jadavpur University. He received Ph.D. from Department of Physics, Jadavpur University in the year 2010. His main scientific interest includes: synthesis and study of optical properties of nanomaterials, green synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles, antibacterial activity of nanomaterials and electronic structure calculation by density functional theory. He has published more than 45 papers in different peer reviewed international journals.C K Sarkar (SM’87) received the M.Sc. degree in Physics from the Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India, in 1975, the Ph.D. degree from Calcutta University, Kolkata, India, in 1979, and the D.Phil. degree from the University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K., in 1983. He was also Postdoctoral Research Fellow of the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851 at the Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, from 1983 to 1985. He was a fellow of Wolfson College, Oxford. He held graduate award at Wolfson College. He was also a tutor and lab instructor at Clarendon Laboratory. He was also a Visiting Fellow with the Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden; Max Planck Institute at Stuttgart, Germany. He joined Jadavpur University, Kolkata, in 1987 as a Reader in Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering. Subsequently, he became a Professor and the Head of the Department of Physics, and Dean of Faculty of Science Bengal Engineering Science University (BESU) during 1996-99. Later he once again joined Jadavpur University ETCE Department as a Professor. He has served as a Visiting Professor in many universities such as Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan and Hong Kong University, Hong Kong. Since 1999, he has been a Professor with the Department of Electronics and Telecommunication and has published more than 300 papers in journals of repute and in well-known International Conferences. He has guided more than twenty Ph.D. candidates. Dr. Sarkar is the Chair of the IEEE Electron Devices Society (EDS), Calcutta Chapter and former Vice Chair of IEEE Section. He serves as a Distinguished Lecturer of the IEEE, EDS and was invited to several countries. He is a fellow of IE (India) Chartered Engineer, IETE and WBAST. Currently he is an associate of Third World Academy of Science at National University La Plata Argentina. Previously he was associated with Shanghai Institute Metallurgy, Shanghai. He has been awarded INSA-Royal Society (UK) fellowship to visit several UK universities.

• Preface Editors Authors Contributors 1. Introduction: Motivation for Nanotechnology2. Introductory Quantum Mechanics for Nanoscience3. Crystallography, Band Structure, and Density of States at Nanoscale4. Growth Techniques and Characterization Tools of Nanomaterials5. Electrical Transport in Nanostructures6. Synthesis of Noble Metal Nanoparticles: Chemical and Physical Routes7. Biological Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles: A Green Alternative8. Environmental and Biological Applications of Nanoparticles9. Nanogenerator: A Self-Powered Nanodevice10. Solar Photovoltaic: From Materials to System11. Volatile Organic Compound–Sensing with Different Nanostructures12. Nanoscience with Graphene13. Nanoscale Silicon MOS Transistors14. Nanotechnology Applications in Electron Devices15. Micro/Nanoelectromechanical SystemsIndex

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