Nanoformulations for Agricultural Applications

Radhakrishnan E.K., PhD, is an associate professor at the School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, India. During his 14 years of research, he has published over 150 research publications, 55 book chapters, and edited about 15 books. His research focuses on developing polymer-based nanocomposites with antimicrobial effects for food packaging and medical applications. Aswani R. is currently pursuing a Ph.D. in microbiology at the School of Biosciences of Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, India. Her areas of research is biocontrol mechanisms, the induction of plant defense responses by endophytic microorganisms, and the applications of nanotechnology-based methods in post-harvest protection. Visakh. P. M., PhD, is a research associate in the Department of Chemical Oceanography, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin, Kerala, India. He is a prolific editor with over 40 published books, 20 journal publications, 4 reviews, and more than 45 book chapters.

• Preface xiii1 Nanoformulations for Agricultural Applications: State-of-the-Art, New Challenges, and Opportunities 1Aswani R., Radhakrishnan E.K. and Visakh P. M.1.1 Synthesis and Fabrication of Green Nanoparticles 21.2 Biomass-Derived Nanoparticles and Their Applications: Sensing, Catalytic, Biomedical, and Environmental 51.3 Synthesis and Application of Nanopesticides 71.4 Nanoformulation for Plant Growth Promotion 81.5 Nanotechnology in Crop Disease Management 101.6 Application of Nanofertilizers for Sustainable Agriculture: Advantages and Future Prospects 111.7 Biodegradable Bionanocomposites in Agriculture Applications 121.8 Advances and Applications of Nanotechnology in Agriculture 151.9 Recent Trends in Designing and Production of Nano-Based Formulations 171.10 Nanocarriers for the Effective Application of Agrochemicals 192 Synthesis and Fabrication of Green Nanoparticles 35Anupama R. Prasad, Mathew Kuruvilla and Abraham Joseph2.1 Introduction 352.2 Synthesis of Nanoparticles 372.3 Green Methods for Nanoparticle Synthesis 402.4 Synthesis Using Microorganisms 412.5 Synthesis Using Plant Extracts 482.6 Fabrication Using Bimolecular Templates 502.7 Factors Affecting Production of Nanoparticles 512.8 Conclusion 523 Biomass-Derived Nanoparticles and Their Applications: Sensing, Catalytic, Biomedical, and Environmental 63Suprita Naik, Chhaya S. Panse and Aniruddha B. Patil3.1 Introduction 643.2 Biomass and the Derived Nanoparticles 663.3 Applications 813.4 Conclusion 864 Synthesis and Application of Nanopesticides 91Harish Kumar Neetu Kumari and Ankita Yadav4.1 Introduction 924.2 Need of Agriculture 934.3 Benefits of Agriculture to the Pharmaceutical Field 954.4 Agriculture Help in Pollination 954.5 The Challenge to the Agriculture Industry 974.6 The Role of Nanotechnology in Agriculture Sector 984.7 Applications of Nanoparticles 984.8 Future Perspective 1084.9 Conclusions 1085 Nanoformulations for Plant Growth Promotion 119Sanika Jain and Jyoti Mathur5.1 Introduction 1205.2 Types of Nanoparticles 1215.3 Synthesis Methods of Nanoparticles 1235.4 Approaches for Nanoparticle Synthesis 1255.5 A New Approach of the Nanoformulation in Plant Growth Promotion 1255.6 Role of Nanotechnology in Plant Protection and Pest Management 1305.7 Interaction Uptake and Translocation of Nanoformulation or Nanoparticles with Plants 1315.8 Effects of Nanoparticles on Plant 1345.9 Application of Nanoparticles in Agriculture Field 1365.10 Types of Metal-Based Nanoparticles 1385.11 Factors Affecting the Biological Activity of Nanoparticles 1415.12 Future Prospects 1425.13 Conclusion 1436 Nanotechnology in Crop Disease Management 153Bhasha Sharma, Shashank Shekhar, Amit Kumar, Purnima Jain and Shreya Sharma6.1 Introduction 1546.2 Nanoparticles for Management of Crop Disease 1566.3 Nanoparticles and RNA Interference for Plant Protection 1636.4 Environmental Reverberations 1646.5 Conclusion and Future Outlook 1657 Application of Nanofertilizers for Sustainable Agriculture: Advantages and Future Prospects 175Riti Thapar Kapoor and Mohd Rafatullah7.1 Introduction 1767.2 Nanofertilizers 1787.3 Synthesis of Nanofertilizers 1807.4 Classification of Nanofertilizers 1807.5 Mode of Application of Nanofertilizers 1827.6 Role of Nanofertilizers for Growth of Crop Plants 1837.7 Limitation of Nanofertilizers 1907.8 Recommendations and Future Perspectives of Nanofertilizers 1917.9 Conclusions 1928 Biodegradable Bionanocomposites in Agriculture Applications 203Ashoka Gamage, Nimasha Fernando, Sudhagar Mani, Asanga Manamperi and Terrence Madhujith8.1 Introduction 2048.2 Agricultural Applications 2058.3 Biodegradable Polymers 2108.4 Biodegradable Nanocomposites in Agricultural Applications 2128.5 Conclusion 2229 Advances and Applications of Nanotechnology in Agriculture 231Rafeeq C. M., Rahimol Ramesh, Resiya Karim and Manzur Ali P. P.9.1 Introduction 2329.2 Nanopesticide 2349.3 Nanotechnology in Seed Priming 2369.4 Nanoregulators for the Development of Stress Tolerant Plants 2439.5 Nanopore Sequencing for Plant Pathogen Identification and Detection 2489.6 Nanoparticles in Innovative Farming Practices 2499.7 Nanoparticle-Mediated Gene Delivery for Genetic Engineering and Crop Improvement 2519.8 Conclusion 25210 Recent Trends in Designing and Production of Nano-Base Formulations 267Vysakh V. G., Rini K. T., Sandhya Sukumaran and A. Gopalakrishnan10.1 Introduction 26810.2 Application of Nanotechnology in Agriculture Nanoparticles for Nutrient Delivery in Agriculture 26810.3 Nanoparticles for Nutrient Delivery in Agriculture 27010.4 Advantages of Nanofertilizers Over Conventional Fertilizers 27010.5 Synthesis of Nanofertilizer 27110.6 Modes of Application of Nanofertilizer 27310.7 Design and Formulation of Nanofertilizers 27410.8 Nanoformulations for Pest and Disease Control in Crops 28110.9 Impacts of Nanopesticides 28210.10 Types of Synthesis of Nanopesticides 28310.11 Nanopesticides for Crop Protection 28510.12 Green Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles Using Microorganisms: A Novel Approach 28810.13 Regulatory and Safety Considerations 30110.14 Conclusions 30211 Nanocarriers for the Effective Application of Agrochemicals 315Sudheep N. M., Anisha S., Divya Mathew and Radhakrishnan E. K.11.1 Introduction 31611.2 Nanocarriers and Their Use So Far 31711.3 Rationale Behind Using Nanocarriers in Agriculture 31711.4 Types of Nanocarriers 31811.5 Anticipated Benefits from the Use of Nanocarriers in Agriculture 32511.6 The Aspect of Sustainability of Nanocarriers Used in Agriculture 32711.7 Associated Challenges and Issues of Nanocarriers in Agriculture 32711.8 Future Prospects 32811.9 Conclusion 329Acknowledgments 329References 330Index 337