Nanoelectronics and Information Technology

The Editor:Rainer Waser is Professor at the faculty for Electrical Engineering and Information Technology of the RWTH Aachen University and director at the Institute of Solid State Research (IFF) at the HGF Research Center Julich, Germany. In 1984, he received his PhD in physical chemistry at the University of Darmstadt, and worked at the Philips Research Laboratory, Aachen, until he was appointed professor in 1992. His research group is focused on fundamental aspects of electronic materials and on such integrated devices as non-volatile memories, specifically ferroelectric memories, logic devices, sensors and actuators. Throughout, he has been collaborating with major semiconductor industries in Europe, the US, and the Far East. He has organized international conferences, published about 200 technical papers and holds ten patents. In 2000, Dr. Waser has been honored with the IEEE Ferroelectrics Recognition Award, and since 2002 he has been the coordinator of the research program Nanoelectronic Systems within the German National Research Centers (Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft).

• PrefaceGeneral Introduction I FUNDAMENTALS1 Dielectric, Ferroelectric, and Optical Properties2 Electronic Properties and Quantum Effects3 Mesoscopic Electron Transport4 Spintransfer Phenomena in Layered Structures5 Organic Molecules -Structures and Electronic Properties6 Neurons -The Molecular Basis of Their Electrical Excitability7 Logic Gates and Digital Circuits II TECHNOLOGY AND ANALYSIS8 Advanced Optical and Particle Beam Lithography9 Nanoimprint Lithography10 Structural and Chemical Characterization on the Nanoscale11 Scanning Probe Analysis12 Atomic and Molecular Manipulation13 Bottom-Up Approaches by Self-Organization Techniques III LOGIC DEVICES14 Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors: Novel Materials and Alternative Concepts15 Nanoelectromechanical Logic Gates16 Single-Electron Devices for Logic Applications17 Electron Waveguide Devices18 Superconductor Digital Electronics19 Spin-Based Logics -Principles and Concepts20 Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene for Data Processing21 Molecular Electronics -Functions and Features Arising from Tailor-Made Molecules IV COMPUTATIONAL CONCEPTS AND ARCHITECTURES22 Performance Estimates for Microprocessors: at Technology Limits and in Practice23 Reconfigurable Nano-Crossbar Architectures24 Cognitive Computing25 Quantum Computing -Fundamentals and Solid-State Realizations V MEMORY DEVICES AND STORAGE SYSTEMS26 Flash Memories27 Capacitor-based Random Access Memories28 Magnetic Random Access Memories29 Information Storage Based on Phase Change Materials30 Redox-Based Resistive Random Access Memories31 Scanning Probe Storage32 Holographic Data Storage VI DATA TRANSMISSION AND INTERFACES33 Metal Interconnects34 Three-Dimensional Integration35 Photonic Networks36 RF and Microwave Communication -Systems, Circuits and Devices37 From RFID Tags to Nanomorphic Systems38 Neuroelectronic Interfacing with Semiconductor Chips VII SENSOR ARRAYS AND IMAGING SYSTEMS39 Optical 3-D Time-of-Flight Imaging System40 Micromachined Thermal Detector Arrays for Infrared Imaging41 Electronic Noses and Tongues42 2-D Tactile Sensors and Tactile Sensor Arrays VIII DISPLAYS43 Liquid Crystal Displays44 Organic Light Emitting Devices45 Plasma Displays46 Micromirror Displays47 Electronic Paper

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