N. M. Nurazzi is a senior lecturer at the School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia. Before joining the Universiti Sains Malaysia he was a Post-Doctoral Fellow at the Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, National Defence University of Malaysia, under a Newton Research Grant to study the “Role of Intermolecular Interaction in Conductive Polymer Wrapped MWCNT as Organophosphate Sensing Material Structure. He obtained BSc. and MSc. in Polymer Technology from the Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) in 2011 and 2014, respectively. In 2018, he was awarded a PhD from Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) in Materials Engineering under the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia scholarship. His main research interests are polymer composites and natural fibre composites. To date, he has authored and co-authored over 200 publications, including 100 journal papers, 4 books and 50 book chapters. Mohd Ridhwan Adam currently holds the position of Senior Lecturer at the School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia. He completed his Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai. His academic journey encompassed a focus on Chemical Science, with his bachelor’s and master’s degrees earned from Universiti Sains Malaysia in 2010 and 2014, respectively. Previously, he was engaged in a significant project centered around remediating ammonia-contaminated effluent. This project notably involved the innovation of an adsorptive ceramic membrane derived from natural zeolite. Additionally, he played an integral role in an industrial collaborative effort, which entailed treating industrial effluent using an integrated UF-RO membrane system. Owing to his extensive expertise in this domain, he has been an active participant in numerous local and international conferences. Throughout his academic pursuits, he achieved remarkable milestones, including distinctions such as the best presenter compliment at conferences, recognition at exhibitions, and multiple awards at both university and national levels. His profound proficiency in the scope of wastewater treatment serves as a focal element in his contribution to the authorship of this book.Mohd Saiful Samsudin (S. M. Saiful) is a senior lecturer in the School of Industrial Technology, at the Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia. Before joining the Universiti Sains Malaysia he was a Post-Doctoral Fellow at the Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Malaysia. He obtained his (BSc.) in Environmental Science from the Universiti Putra Malaysia in 2010, then went on to achieve his (MSc.) from the Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) in 2014 under the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia scholarship. In 2019, he was awarded his PhD from the Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA) in Environmental Analysis and Modeling under the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia scholarship. His main research interests include data analytics and modeling techniques to investigate how environmental factors affect water quality, air quality, and environmental ecosystems.
