Dr. Fatima Mukaddam completed her Ph.D. with the Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences at the University of Lucerne. She is the recipient of the Swiss Government Excellence Scholarship. Her research is interdisciplinary and grounded in a sociological and political understanding of human experiences, especially the most vulnerable in society. She focuses on legal pluralism, multiculturalism, gender and Islam, citizenship, and Muslim identities.

• Introduction and Background.- Theoretically Contextualising the Project.- Contextualising Legal Pluralism.- South Africa’s History of Colonialism and Apartheid.- Locating Islam in South Africa: History of Mosques and Muslim Organisations.- Compromising Legislation – Upholding the Patriarchy.- Social Context of Women’s Experiences.- The Collusion of the Patriarchs.- Muslim Personal Law and the State: Legal Pluralism and Its Discontents.

Dr. Fatima Mukaddam completed her Ph.D. with the Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences at the University of Lucerne. She is the recipient of the Swiss Government Excellence Scholarship. Her research is interdisciplinary and grounded in a sociological and political understanding of human experiences, especially the most vulnerable in society. She focuses on legal pluralism, multiculturalism, gender and Islam, citizenship, and Muslim identities.

• Introduction and Background.- Theoretically Contextualising the Project.- Contextualising Legal Pluralism.- South Africa’s History of Colonialism and Apartheid.- Locating Islam in South Africa: History of Mosques and Muslim Organisations.- Compromising Legislation – Upholding the Patriarchy.- Social Context of Women’s Experiences.- The Collusion of the Patriarchs.- Muslim Personal Law and the State: Legal Pluralism and Its Discontents.

Dr. Fatima Mukaddam completed her Ph.D. with the Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences at the University of Lucerne. She is the recipient of the Swiss Government Excellence Scholarship. Her research is interdisciplinary and grounded in a sociological and political understanding of human experiences, especially the most vulnerable in society. She focuses on legal pluralism, multiculturalism, gender and Islam, citizenship, and Muslim identities.

• Introduction and Background.- Theoretically Contextualising the Project.- Contextualising Legal Pluralism.- South Africa’s History of Colonialism and Apartheid.- Locating Islam in South Africa: History of Mosques and Muslim Organisations.- Compromising Legislation – Upholding the Patriarchy.- Social Context of Women’s Experiences.- The Collusion of the Patriarchs.- Muslim Personal Law and the State: Legal Pluralism and Its Discontents.