Matthew Machin-Autenrieth is a lecturer in ethnomusicology at the University of Aberdeen. He is author of Flamenco, Regionalism and Musical Heritage in Southern Spain. Salwa el-Shawan Castelo-Branco is a professor emerita at the Nova University of Lisbon, former Director of the Instituto de Etnomusicologia, Centro de Estudos em MÚsica e DanÇa at the Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal, and former President of the International Council for Traditional Music. She is the co-author of Portugal and Spain: Experiencing Music, Expressing Culture. Samuel Llano is a senior lecturer in Spanish cultural studies at the University of Manchester. He is the author of Whose Spain: Negotiating "Spanish" Music in Paris; and Discordant Notes: Marginality and Social Control in Madrid.

• Acknowledgments Introduction: Sounding Nation and Region in Portugal and Spain Matthew Machin-Autenrieth, Salwa El-Shawan Castelo-Branco, and Samuel LlanoPart I: Music, State Propaganda, and Authoritarian Regimes Chapter 1: Patriotic, Nationalist, or Republican? The Portuguese National Anthem Paulo Ferreira de CastroChapter 2: The Battle for the Greatest Musical Emblem: The National Anthem and the Symbolic Construction of Francoist Spain Igor Contreras ZubillagaChapter 3: Portuguese Rural Traditions as Cultural Exports: How Modernism and Transnational Connections Shaped the New State’s Folklore Politics Vera Marques AlvesPart II: Sound Technologies and the Nation Chapter 4: Recording zarzuela grande in Spain in the Early Days of the Phonograph and Gramophone Eva Moreda RodrÍguezChapter 5: The Invisible Voices of the Early Recording Market in Portugal Leonor LosaChapter 6: Radio, Popular Music, and Nationalism in Portugal in the 1940s Pedro MoreiraChapter 7: Protest Song and Recording in the Final Stages of the Estado Novo in Portugal (1960-74) Hugo CastroPart III: Negotiating the State, Nation, and Region Chapter 8: Towards a Critical Approach to Flamenco Hybridity in Post-Franco Spain: Rock Music, Nation, and Heritage in Andalusia Diego GarcÍa-PeinazoChapter 9: Portuguese Rock or Rock in Portuguese?: Controversies Concerning the “Portugueseness” of Rock Music Made in Portugal in the Early-1980s Ricardo AndradeChapter 10: Indie Music as a Controversial Space on Spanish Identity: Class, Youth, and Discontent HÉctor Fouce and FernÁn del ValChapter 11: Catalonia vs Spain: How Sonorous is Nationalism? Josep MartÍPart IV: Musical Heritagization and the State Chapter 12: Intangible Cultural Heritage and State Regimes in Portugal and Spain Salwa El-Shawan Castelo-Branco and Cristina SÁnchez-CarreteroChapter 13: Sounding the Alentejo: Portugal’s Cante as Heritage Salwa El-Shawan Castelo-BrancoChapter 14: Flamenco Heritage and the Politics of Identity Cristina Cruces RoldÁnContributors Index

“Illuminating music’s complex interactions with issues of nationalism and identity, this volume’s innovative exploration of diverse musical styles provides a model for rethinking musical nationalism, both within and beyond the Iberian Peninsula.”--Michael Christoforidis, author of Manuel de Falla and Visions of Spanish Music

Matthew Machin-Autenrieth is a lecturer in ethnomusicology at the University of Aberdeen. He is author of Flamenco, Regionalism and Musical Heritage in Southern Spain. Salwa el-Shawan Castelo-Branco is a professor emerita at the Nova University of Lisbon, former Director of the Instituto de Etnomusicologia, Centro de Estudos em MÚsica e DanÇa at the Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal, and former President of the International Council for Traditional Music. She is the co-author of Portugal and Spain: Experiencing Music, Expressing Culture. Samuel Llano is a senior lecturer in Spanish cultural studies at the University of Manchester. He is the author of Whose Spain: Negotiating "Spanish" Music in Paris; and Discordant Notes: Marginality and Social Control in Madrid.

• Acknowledgments Introduction: Sounding Nation and Region in Portugal and Spain Matthew Machin-Autenrieth, Salwa El-Shawan Castelo-Branco, and Samuel LlanoPart I: Music, State Propaganda, and Authoritarian Regimes Chapter 1: Patriotic, Nationalist, or Republican? The Portuguese National Anthem Paulo Ferreira de CastroChapter 2: The Battle for the Greatest Musical Emblem: The National Anthem and the Symbolic Construction of Francoist Spain Igor Contreras ZubillagaChapter 3: Portuguese Rural Traditions as Cultural Exports: How Modernism and Transnational Connections Shaped the New State’s Folklore Politics Vera Marques AlvesPart II: Sound Technologies and the Nation Chapter 4: Recording zarzuela grande in Spain in the Early Days of the Phonograph and Gramophone Eva Moreda RodrÍguezChapter 5: The Invisible Voices of the Early Recording Market in Portugal Leonor LosaChapter 6: Radio, Popular Music, and Nationalism in Portugal in the 1940s Pedro MoreiraChapter 7: Protest Song and Recording in the Final Stages of the Estado Novo in Portugal (1960-74) Hugo CastroPart III: Negotiating the State, Nation, and Region Chapter 8: Towards a Critical Approach to Flamenco Hybridity in Post-Franco Spain: Rock Music, Nation, and Heritage in Andalusia Diego GarcÍa-PeinazoChapter 9: Portuguese Rock or Rock in Portuguese?: Controversies Concerning the “Portugueseness” of Rock Music Made in Portugal in the Early-1980s Ricardo AndradeChapter 10: Indie Music as a Controversial Space on Spanish Identity: Class, Youth, and Discontent HÉctor Fouce and FernÁn del ValChapter 11: Catalonia vs Spain: How Sonorous is Nationalism? Josep MartÍPart IV: Musical Heritagization and the State Chapter 12: Intangible Cultural Heritage and State Regimes in Portugal and Spain Salwa El-Shawan Castelo-Branco and Cristina SÁnchez-CarreteroChapter 13: Sounding the Alentejo: Portugal’s Cante as Heritage Salwa El-Shawan Castelo-BrancoChapter 14: Flamenco Heritage and the Politics of Identity Cristina Cruces RoldÁnContributors Index

“Illuminating music’s complex interactions with issues of nationalism and identity, this volume’s innovative exploration of diverse musical styles provides a model for rethinking musical nationalism, both within and beyond the Iberian Peninsula.”--Michael Christoforidis, author of Manuel de Falla and Visions of Spanish Music

Matthew Machin-Autenrieth is a lecturer in ethnomusicology at the University of Aberdeen. He is author of Flamenco, Regionalism and Musical Heritage in Southern Spain. Salwa el-Shawan Castelo-Branco is a professor emerita at the Nova University of Lisbon, former Director of the Instituto de Etnomusicologia, Centro de Estudos em MÚsica e DanÇa at the Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal, and former President of the International Council for Traditional Music. She is the co-author of Portugal and Spain: Experiencing Music, Expressing Culture. Samuel Llano is a senior lecturer in Spanish cultural studies at the University of Manchester. He is the author of Whose Spain: Negotiating "Spanish" Music in Paris; and Discordant Notes: Marginality and Social Control in Madrid.

• Acknowledgments Introduction: Sounding Nation and Region in Portugal and Spain Matthew Machin-Autenrieth, Salwa El-Shawan Castelo-Branco, and Samuel LlanoPart I: Music, State Propaganda, and Authoritarian Regimes Chapter 1: Patriotic, Nationalist, or Republican? The Portuguese National Anthem Paulo Ferreira de CastroChapter 2: The Battle for the Greatest Musical Emblem: The National Anthem and the Symbolic Construction of Francoist Spain Igor Contreras ZubillagaChapter 3: Portuguese Rural Traditions as Cultural Exports: How Modernism and Transnational Connections Shaped the New State’s Folklore Politics Vera Marques AlvesPart II: Sound Technologies and the Nation Chapter 4: Recording zarzuela grande in Spain in the Early Days of the Phonograph and Gramophone Eva Moreda RodrÍguezChapter 5: The Invisible Voices of the Early Recording Market in Portugal Leonor LosaChapter 6: Radio, Popular Music, and Nationalism in Portugal in the 1940s Pedro MoreiraChapter 7: Protest Song and Recording in the Final Stages of the Estado Novo in Portugal (1960-74) Hugo CastroPart III: Negotiating the State, Nation, and Region Chapter 8: Towards a Critical Approach to Flamenco Hybridity in Post-Franco Spain: Rock Music, Nation, and Heritage in Andalusia Diego GarcÍa-PeinazoChapter 9: Portuguese Rock or Rock in Portuguese?: Controversies Concerning the “Portugueseness” of Rock Music Made in Portugal in the Early-1980s Ricardo AndradeChapter 10: Indie Music as a Controversial Space on Spanish Identity: Class, Youth, and Discontent HÉctor Fouce and FernÁn del ValChapter 11: Catalonia vs Spain: How Sonorous is Nationalism? Josep MartÍPart IV: Musical Heritagization and the State Chapter 12: Intangible Cultural Heritage and State Regimes in Portugal and Spain Salwa El-Shawan Castelo-Branco and Cristina SÁnchez-CarreteroChapter 13: Sounding the Alentejo: Portugal’s Cante as Heritage Salwa El-Shawan Castelo-BrancoChapter 14: Flamenco Heritage and the Politics of Identity Cristina Cruces RoldÁnContributors Index

“Illuminating music’s complex interactions with issues of nationalism and identity, this volume’s innovative exploration of diverse musical styles provides a model for rethinking musical nationalism, both within and beyond the Iberian Peninsula.”--Michael Christoforidis, author of Manuel de Falla and Visions of Spanish Music