MRI for Radiographers

• 1 Basic Principles.- History.- Atomic Theory.- Magnetic Theory.- Resonance.- Relaxation.- 2 Instrumentation.- The Magnet.- Shim Coils.- Gradient Coils.- RF Transmitter/Receiver Coils.- The Computer.- 3 Pulse Sequences.- Saturation Recovery (Partial Saturation).- Spin Echo (SE).- Multiple Spin Echo.- Fast Spin Echo (FSE) or Turbo Spin Echo (TSE).- Inversion Recovery (IR).- Gradient Echo.- Magnetisation Transfer Contrast Imaging (MTC).- 4 Image Production.- Spatial Location of the MR Image.- Slice Selection Excitation.- Slice Position.- Slice Profile.- 5 Image Quality.- Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and Contrast-to-Noise Ratio (CNR).- Other Factors Contributing to Image Quality.- Quality Assurance in MRI.- 6 Image Artifacts.- Magnetic Field Artifacts.- Hardware-Related Artifacts.- Motion-Related Artifacts.- Pulse Sequence/Data Acquisition Artifacts.- Other Artifacts.- 7 Flow.- Haemodynamics.- Appearance of Flow on MR Images.- Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA).- Measurement of Flow.- 8 MR Contrast Agents.- Basic Principles of a Contrast Agent’s Actions.- Paramagnetic Agents.- Ferromagnetic Agents.- 9 Safety and Patient Management.- Safety.- Patient Management.- 10 Site Planning.- Location.- The Magnet.- The Fringe Field.- RF Shielding.- Equipment.- Patient and Staff Requirements.- Anaesthesia in MRI.- 11 Applications and Pathology.- The Brain.- The Spine.- Brachial Plexus.- Head and Neck.- Musculoskeletal System.- Long Bones.- Abdomen.- The Pelvis.- Breast Imaging.- Chest and Thorax.- Cardiovascular System.- Paediatric Imaging.- Suggested Reading.- Glossary of MR Terms.

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