This title explains physical design and VLSI/CAD placement to the professional engineer and engineering student. Along with explaining the problems that are associated with placement, the book gives an overview of existing placement algorithms, techniques and methodologies. It emphasizes advances in addressing the placement problem, including congestion-driven, timing driven, mixed macro-cell and standard cell placement. The book presents the "Dragon" placement tool, with detailed algorithm descriptions for wire length, congestion and timing optimization. Placement benchmarks and results produced by "Dragon" are explained in detail.