Europa Publications’ regional publications are compiled by a team of editors and researchers, with introductory and country-specific material provided by specialists in their field:Mohammad Al-Asadi. Economist specializing in international development and financing post-conflict reconstruction, Afghan Credit Guarantee Foundation, Cologne, Germany.Liam Anderson. Professor of Political Science, School of Social Sciences and International Studies, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA.Claire Beaugrand. Senior Lecturer in Sociology of the Gulf and the Arabian Peninsula, Institute of Arab and Islamic Studies, University of Exeter, UK; and CNRS Researcher at the Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Sciences Sociales (IRISSO), Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, France.Natália Calfat. Researcher at the Laboratory of Asian Studies (Working Group on the Middle East and Muslim World), University of São Paulo.Abdulkadir Civan. Fellow, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.Kristian Coates Ulrichsen. Fellow for the Middle East, Baker Institute for Public Policy, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.Omar S. Dahi. Professor of Economics, Hampshire College, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA; and Founding Director of `Security in Context’ research network.Justin Dargin. Energy and Climate Fellow, Middle East Council on Global Affairs, Doha, Qatar; and former legal advisor to OPEC.Alan J. Day. Former Editor of The Annual Register, London, UK; and former Joint Editor of the Political Handbook of the World, Binghamton University, New York, USA.Gianni Del Panta. Junior Assistant Professor of Political Science, University of Pavia, Italy.Vincent Durac. Associate Professor, School of Politics and International Relations, University College Dublin, Ireland.Courtney Freer. Assistant Professor, Department of Middle Eastern and South Asian Studies, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.Brandon Friedman. Director of Research, Moshe Dayan Center for Middle Eastern and African Studies, Tel Aviv University, Israel.Cengiz Gunes. Associate Lecturer in Politics and International Relations, Faculty of Social Sciences, Open University, Milton Keynes, UK.Julia Gurol. Postdoctoral Researcher, Chair for International Relations, University of Freiburg and Arnold-Bergstraesser-Institute, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.Peter L. Hahn. Distinguished University Professor of History, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.Martin Hvidt. Associate Professor and Head of Studies, Center for Modern Middle East and Muslim Studies, Department of History, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. Gareth Jenkins. Non-resident Senior Fellow with the Silk Road Studies Program, based in İstanbul, Türkiye.Marc Jones. Assistant Professor in Middle East Studies, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar.Amir Magdy Kamel. Senior Lecturer (Associate Professor), School of Security Studies, and Fellow, Institute of Middle Eastern Studies, King’s College London, UK.Numan Kanafani. Research Director, Palestine Economic Policy Research Institute (MAS), Ramallah, Palestinian Territories; and Professor, Department of Resource Economics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.Manuel Langendorf. Senior Analyst and Editor at Middle East Minds analysis and consultancy company, Berlin, Germany.Richard I. Lawless. Late Emeritus Reader in Middle Eastern Studies, Durham University, UK.Christoph Leonhardt. Chief Operating Officer at Middle East Minds analysis and consultancy company, Berlin, Germany.Robert E. Looney. Distinguished Professor Emeritus, Department of National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, USA.Stefan Lukas. Founder and CEO of Middle East Minds analysis and consultancy company, Berlin, Germany.Simon Mabon. Professor of International Politics, and Director of SEPAD, Lancaster University, UK.Silvia-Lucretia Nicola. Analyst at Middle East Minds analysis and consultancy company, Berlin, Germany.Ali Noureddeen. Independent economic researcher and writer, specializing in the Middle East and North Africa region.James A. Reilly. Emeritus Professor of Modern Middle East History, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.Francis Owtram. Honorary Research Fellow, Institute of Arab and Islamic Studies, University of Exeter, UK.Marius Paradies. Analyst at Middle East Minds analysis and consultancy company, Berlin, Germany.Neil Partrick. Writer and analyst on the Arabian Peninsula and wider Middle East.Pauline Raabe. Senior Analyst at Middle East Minds analysis and consultancy company, Berlin, Germany.Islam Rabee. Assistant Researcher, Palestine Economic Policy Research Institute (MAS), Ramallah, Palestinian Territories.Anmar Rafeedie. Assistant Researcher, Palestine Economic Policy Research Institute (MAS), Ramallah, Palestinian TerritoriesDavid Roberts. Reader in International Security and Middle East Studies, School of Security Studies, King’s College London, UK; Non-resident Fellow at the Arab Gulf States Institute, Washington, DC, USA; and former Director of the Qatar office of the Royal United Services Institute for Defence and Security Studies.Charles Schmitz. Professor, Department of Geography and Environmental Planning, Towson University, Towson, MD, USA.R. B. Serjeant. Late Professor of Arabic and Director of the Middle East Centre, University of Cambridge, UK.Vaughn Shannon. Professor of Political Science, School of Social Sciences and International Studies, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA. Moin Siddiqi. Independent economist specializing in macroeconomic developments and the banking sector in the Middle East and Africa; also advises on trends in petroleum markets.Ronald Bruce St John. Independent scholar, specializing in the political economy of developing states.Andreas Stergiou. Professor of European Institutions and International Relations, and Jean Monnet Chair Holder on EU Energy and Climate Policies and the Eastern Mediterranean, Department of Economics, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece.Máté Szalai. Associate Professor, Corvinus University of Budapest, Budapest, Hungary.Marc Valeri. Associate Professor in Political Economy of the Middle East, University of Exeter, UK.Edward Wastnidge. Senior Lecturer and Head of Politics and International Studies, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Open University, Milton Keynes, UK.Chahir Zaki. Chaired Professor of Economics and Research Fellow at the Laboratoire d’Economie d’Orléans, University of Orléans, Orléans, France; Director of Egypt’s pole of EMANES (EU-Mediterranean and African Network for Economic Studies); and Lead Economist at the Economic Research Forum, Cairo, Egypt.Barbara Zollner. Independent scholar, specializing in Middle East politics.