Metaverse Communication and Computing Networks

Dinh Thai Hoang, Ph.D., is a faculty member at the University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Australia. He is an editor of multiple IEEE journals and has published widely on machine learning and emerging communications technologies. Diep N. Nguyen, Ph.D., is an Associate Professor and Director of Agile Communications and Computing group at the University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Australia. He serves the on editorial boards of multiple IEEE journals and has published extensively on mobile computing and digital communications. Cong T. Nguyen received his BE degree in Electrical Engineering and Information Technology from Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences in 2014, his MSc in Global Production Engineering and Management from the Technical University Berlin in 2016, and his PhD in Information Technology from University of Technology Sydney in 2023. He is currently with Duy Tan University, Vietnam. His research interests include blockchain technology, operation research, game theory, and optimization. Ekram Hossain, Ph.D., is a Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Manitoba, Canada. He is an IEEE Fellow and co-authored the Wiley title Radio Resource Management in Multi-Tier Cellular Wireless Networks (2013). Dusit Niyato, Ph.D., is a Professor in the School of Computer Science and Engineering at Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. He is an IEEE Fellow and co-authored the Wiley title Radio Resource Management in Multi-Tier Cellular Wireless Networks (2013).

• Editors' Biography xviList of Contributors xixPreface xxivAcknowledgments xxvIntroduction xxvi1 Metaverse: An IntroductionLik-Hang Lee, Dimitris Chatzopoulos, Pengyuan Zhou, and Tristan Braud1.1 Introduction 11.2 The Metaverse: Fantasy, Text, 3DWorlds 31.3 The Rise of Edge Computing 41.4 Universality, Interoperability, and Openness 61.5 Steps Toward Mobile User InteractionWithin the Metaverse 91.6 Bringing Users' Profiles and Assets on the Metaverse 101.7 Conclusions and Future Research Directions 122 Potential Applications and Benefits of Metaverse 17Mshari Aljumaie, Hieu Chi Nguyen, Nam H. Chu, Cong T. Nguyen, Diep N. Nguyen, Dinh Thai Hoang, and Eryk Dutkiewicz2.1 Metaverse Applications for Entertainment 172.2 Virtual Office in Metaverse 222.3 Education 272.4 Metaverse for Healthcare Services 312.5 Metaverse for Autonomous Vehicles 322.6 Metaverse for Virtual Travelling 332.7 Conclusions and Future Research Directions 343 Metaverse Prototype: A Case Study 39Haihan Duan and Wei Cai3.1 Overview 393.2 Newbie at CUHKSZ 423.3 CUHKSZ Metaverse 473.4 Conclusions and Future Research Directions 594 Wireless Technologies for the Metaverse 63Hongliang Zhang, Shiwen Mao, and Zhu Han4.1 Introduction 634.2 XR over NR: Standardization in 3GPP 644.3 Case Study: Location-Dependent AR Services in theWireless Edge-Enabled Metaverse 674.4 Conclusions and Future Research Directions 815 AI and Computer Vision Technologies for Metaverse 85Thien-Huynh The, Quoc-Viet Pham, Xuan-Qui Pham, Tan Do-Duy, and Thippa Reddy Gadekallu5.1 Introduction 855.2 AI for the Metaverse 875.3 Computer Vision for the Metaverse 1015.4 Conclusions and Future Research Directions 1156 Virtual/Augmented/Mixed Reality Technologies for Enabling Metaverse 125Howe Yuan Zhu and Chin-Teng Lin6.1 Introduction 1256.2 Virtual Reality 1296.3 Augmented Reality 1356.4 Mixed Reality 1396.5 Conclusions and Future Research Directions 1437 Blockchain for the Metaverse: State-of-the-Art and Applications 157Pawan Kumar Hegde, Rajeswari Chengoden, Nancy Victor, Thien Huynh The, Sweta Bhattacharya, Praveen Kumar Reddy Maddikunta, Thippa Reddy Gadekallu, and Quoc-Viet Pham7.1 Introduction 1577.2 Background 1617.3 Use Cases of Blockchain for the Metaverse 1677.4 Projects 1747.5 Conclusions and Future Research Directions 1768 Edge Computing Technologies for Metaverse 183Minrui Xu and Dusit Niyato8.1 An Overview of Edge-enabled Metaverse 1848.2 Opportunities and Challenges in the Edge-enabled Metaverse 1918.3 Edge-Enabled Metaverse: Release the Ubiquitous Computing and Intelligence at the Edge 1948.4 Conclusions and Future Research Directions 1999 Security Issues in Metaverse 205Yuntao Wang, Zhou Su, Ning Zhang, Dongxiao Liu, Rui Xing, Tom H. Luan, and Xuemin Shen9.1 Overview of Security and Privacy Threats in Metaverse 2059.2 Threats and Countermeasures to Authentication and Access Control in Metaverse 2079.3 Threats and Countermeasures to Data Management inMetaverse 2129.4 Privacy Threats and Countermeasures in Metaverse 2169.5 Network-Related Threats and Countermeasures in Metaverse 2229.6 Economy-Related Threats and Countermeasures in Metaverse 2259.7 Threats to PhysicalWorld and Human Society and Countermeasures in Metaverse 2289.8 Governance-Related Threats and Countermeasures in Metaverse 2309.9 Conclusions and Future Research Directions 23210 IoT-Assisted Metaverse Services 241Yue Han, Cyril Leung, and Dong In Kim10.1 Why Need IoT for Metaverse Services 24110.2 How to Use IoT for Metaverse DTs 24610.3 A Dynamical Hierarchical Game-Theoretical Approach for IoT-Assisted Metaverse Synchronization 24910.4 Conclusions and Future Research Directions 26011 Quantum Technologies for the Metaverse: Opportunities and Challenges 267Mahdi Chehimi and Walid Saad11.1 Introduction 26711.2 Preliminaries 27011.3 Quantum Computing for a Faster Metaverse 27411.4 Quantum Machine Learning for Contextual Metaverse 27711.5 Quantum Communications for Secure Metaverse 28111.6 Conclusions and Future Research Directions 28512 The Metaverse with Life and Everything: An Overview of Privacy, Ethics, and Governance 293Lik-Hang Lee, Carlos Bermejo, and Pan Hui12.1 Introduction 29312.2 Privacy and Security 29512.3 Governance 29912.4 Creation, Social Good, and Ethical Design 30212.5 Conclusions and Future Research Directions 308Bibliography 308Index 311