Watanabe Toshio’s The Meiji Japanese Who Made Modern Taiwan is a source of enlightenment, along with his other works, for us to deepen our understanding of Japan’s administration and development of Taiwan in the pre-1945 period. It shows the contributions Japanese leaders—agronomists, administrators, and engineers—made toward Taiwan, which not only provided for its development but also the foundation for more than a century of close ties, mutual respect, and friendship. By translating this seminal book into English, Robert Eldridge has helped bring these contributions further to light for the global community.