Mechanical Behavior of Concrete

Jean-Michel Torrenti is the R & D director of the Materials and Structures Department of IFSTTAR and a Professor at Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussees. His research concerns the mechanics of concrete and its coupling with durability aspects, and has been applied to modeling the behavior of structures such as bridges, nuclear power plants and nuclear waste storage. He is the co-author of several books concerning concrete and concrete structures.Gilles Pijaudier-Cabot graduated from Ecole Normale Superieure de Cachan - France - in 1985 and obtained a Ph.D. from Northwestern University. He was appointed professor at Ecole Normale Superieure de Cachan in 1992 where he was the head of the civil and environmental engineering group. He joined Ecole Centrale de Nantes in 1999 and started a research and technology group specialising in the durability of concrete structures.Jean-Marie Reynouard is Professor in Civil Engineering at "Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon, France." He is well known in the field of computational modeling of concrete structures, concrete modeling and coupling, and transient problems in porous media.

• Foreword xiPART 1. INSTANTANEOUS OR TIME-INDEPENDENT MODELS FOR CONCRETE 1Chapter 1. Test Techniques and Experimental Characterization 3Nicolas BURLION1.1. Introduction 31.2. Experimental specificities related to concrete material 41.3. Extensometers and experimental conditions 121.4. Behavior of concrete under uniaxial stress: classical tests 211.5. Concrete under multiaxial stresses 321.6. Conclusions regarding the experimental characterization of the multiaxial behavior of concrete 541.7. Bibliography 55Chapter 2. Modeling the Macroscopic Behavior of Concrete 63Jean-Marie REYNOUARD, Jean-François GEORGIN, Khalil HAIDAR and Gilles PIJAUDIER-CABOT2.1. Introduction 632.2. The discrete approach 652.3. Continuous approach 712.4. Conclusion 1062.5. Bibliography 115Chapter 3. Failure and Size Effect of Structural Concrete 121Gilles PIJAUDIER-CABOT and Khalil HAIDAR3.1. Introduction 1213.2. Probabilistic structural size effect 1243.3. Deterministic size effect 1303.4. Fractality and size effect 1343.5. Size effect and calibration of non-local models 1383.6. Conclusions 1433.7. Acknowledgement 1453.8. Bibliography 145PART 2. CONCRETE UNDER CYCLIC AND DYNAMIC LOADING 149Chapter 4. Cyclic Behavior of Concrete and Reinforced Concrete 151Jean-François DUBÉ4.1. Characterization tests of the cyclic behavior 1514.2. Modeling the reinforced concrete cyclic behavior 1634.3. Modeling of the cyclic behavior of concrete 1704.4. Conclusions 1804.5. Bibliography 181Chapter 5. Cyclic and Dynamic Loading Fatigue of Structural Concrete 185Jean-François DESTREBECQ5.1. Introduction 1855.2. The mechanisms of concrete fatigue 1865.3. The fatigue strength under uniaxial compression or traction 1935.4. Extension to Aas-Jakobsen’s formula 1975.5. Fatigue under multiaxial loading 2025.6. Fatigue under high-level cyclic loading 2075.7. Fatigue strength under variable level cyclic loadings 2145.8. Bibliography 219Chapter 6. Rate-Dependent Behavior and Modeling for Transient Analyses 225Fabrice GATUINGT6.1. Introduction 2256.2. Experimental behavior 2256.3. Behavior modeling of concrete in dynamics 2406.4. Bibliography 261PART 3. TIME-DEPENDENT RESPONSE OF CONCRETE 265Chapter 7. Concrete at an Early Age: the Major Parameters 267Vincent WALLER and Buqan MIAO7.1. Introduction 2677.2. Influence of the composition of concrete 2677.3. Consequences of boundary conditions 2827.4. Conclusion 2907.5. Bibliography 290Chapter 8. Modeling Concrete at Early Age 297Franz-Josef ULM, Jean-Michel TORRENTI, Benoît BISSONETTE and Jacques MARCHAND8.1. Introduction 2978.2. The coupled thermo-chemo-mechanical problem 2978.3. Data collection and experimental methods 3098.4. Conclusion 3318.5. Bibliography 331Chapter 9. Delayed Effects – Creep and Shrinkage 339Farid BENBOUDJEMA, Fékri MEFTAH, Grégory HEINFLING, Fabrice LEMAOU and Jean Michel TORRENTI9.1. Introduction 3399.2. Definitions and mechanisms 3409.3. Experimental approach 3549.4. Delayed response modeling 3619.5. Codified models 3839.6. Conclusion 4009.7. Bibliography 400Closing Remarks: New Concretes, New Techniques, and Future Models 409Jean Michel TORRENTI, Gilles PIJAUDIER-CABOT and Jean-Marie REYNOUARDList of Authors 415Index 417