Mayo Clinic Critical and Neurocritical Care Board Review

Eelco Wijdicks is Professor of Neurology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Chair of the Division of Critical Care Neurology, and Consultant, Neurological Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, Saint Marys Hospital, Mayo Clinic, USA. Dr Wijdicks has 15 books in print with Oxford University Press, Neurologic Complications of Critical illness 4ed (2023) Brain Death 3ed (2016),The Comatose Patient (2014) Core Principles of Acute Neurology ( 6 volumes) 2014 The Practice of Emergency and Critical Care Neurology 2ed (2016) Neurocritical Care 3ed What do I do now Series? (2016).

• Section I: Fundamentals of Critical Care1. Respiratory Physiology in Critical IllnessRichard A. Oeckler, MD, PhD2. Basic Mechanical VentilationAmelia A. Lowell, RRT, RCP, and Michael J. Day, RRT, RCP3. Advanced Modes of Mechanical VentilationAmelia A. Lowell, RRT, RCP, Pritesh K. Patel, MD, and Bhavesh M. Patel, MD4. Cardiovascular System in Critical IllnessCourtney E. Bennett, DO5. Kidney Function in Critical IllnessPramod K. Guru, MBBS, MD6. Nutrition in Critical IllnessMireille H. Hamdan, DCN, RDN, LD/N, and Angela N. Vizzini, RDN, LD/NSection I: Questions and AnswersSection II: Fundamentals of Neurocritical Care7. Neurologic Examination in Neurocritical IllnessEelco F. M. Wijdicks, MD, PhD8. Intracranial PressureEelco F. M. Wijdicks, MD, PhD, and William D. Freeman, MD9. Cerebrospinal Fluid PhysiologyJoseph Zachariah, DO, and Tia Chakraborty, MD10. Cerebral Circulation and Cerebral Blood FlowArnoley S. Abcejo, MD, and Jeffrey J. Pasternak, MD, MS11. Consequences of Anoxia and Ischemia to the BrainJennifer E. Fugate, DO, and Lauren K. Ng, MD12. Consequences of Acute Metabolic Changes to the BrainSherri A. Braksick, MD, and Sara E. Hocker, MD13. Neurologic Consequences of Acute HypertensionAhmed Koriesh, MB, BCh, and Sherri A. Braksick, MD14. Coma and Other Altered States of ConsciousnessEelco F. M. Wijdicks, MD, PhD15. Neuromuscular Respiratory FailureMaximiliano A. Hawkes, MD, and Eelco F. M. Wijdicks, MD, PhD16. Neurogenic Breathing PatternsEelco F. M. Wijdicks, MD, PhD17. Neurogenic Cardiac ManifestationsSherri A. Braksick, MD, and Eelco F. M. Wijdicks, MD, PhD18. Paroxysmal Sympathetic HyperactivityFarwa Ali, MBBS, and Eelco F. M. Wijdicks, MD, PhDSection II: Questions and AnswersSection III: Critical Care DisordersPulmonary Disorders19. Acute Respiratory Distress SyndromeRichard K. Patch III, MD, and Richard A. Oeckler, MD, PhD20. Pulmonary Embolism: An OverviewBrandon T. Nokes, MD, and Rodrigo Cartin-Ceba, MD, MSc21. Asthma in the Critically Ill PatientSreeja Biswas Roy, MBBS, and Cyril Varghese, MD, MS22. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ExacerbationAbdelmohaymin A. Abdalla, MBBS, and Rodrigo Cartin-Ceba, MD, MSc23. Pleural Diseases in Critical Care MedicineNeal M. Patel, MD24. Pulmonary MalignancyVarun Bansal, MD, and Margaret M. Johnson, MD25. Pulmonary Hypertension and Right-Sided Heart Failure in Critically Ill PatientsHollie Saunders, MD, John E. Moss, MD, and Charles D. Burger, MDCardiovascular Disorders26. Anaphylaxis and Anaphylactic ShockMichael E. D'Netto, MD, Megan S. Motosue, MD, and Gerald W. Volcheck, MD27. Cardiogenic ShockMeir Tabi, MD, and Jacob C. Jentzer, MD28. Acute Coronary SyndromeSiva S. Ketha, MD, and Juan Carlos Leoni Moreno, MD29. Cardiac Rhythm and Conduction DisturbancesFred Kusumoto, MD30. Hypertensive EmergenciesLuke J. Matzek, MD, Denzil R. Hill, MD, and James A. Onigkeit, MD31. Cardiopulmonary ResuscitationRichard K. Patch III, MD, and Alice Gallo de Moraes, MD32. Vascular Emergencies of the AortaHoussam Farres, MDAcute Endocrine Disorders33. Pituitary ApoplexySherri A. Braksick, MD, and Tia Chakraborty, MD34. Arginine Vasopressin Deficiency and ResistanceDana Erickson, MD, and Lucinda M. Gruber, MD35. HypopituitarismLucinda M. Gruber, MD36. Thyroid Disorders in the Intensive Care UnitNaina K. Sawal, MD, and John E. Moss, MD37. Glycemic Control in Neurocritically Ill PatientsNayla Ahmed, MBBS, and Alice Gallo de Moraes, MD38. Adrenal Insufficiency in Neurocritically Ill PatientsSusan L. Samson, MD, PhD, Levi W. Howard, DO, and Carla P. Venegas, MDGastrointestinal Disorders39. Acute Gastrointestinal HemorrhagePablo Moreno Franco, MD, Philip E. Lowman, MD, and Michael F. Harrison, MD, PhD40. Paralytic and Obstructive IleusJohn M. Zietlow, MD41. Acute Liver FailureAlexandra L. Anderson, MD, Sarvie Esmaeilzadeh, MB, BCh, BAO, James Y. Findlay, MB, ChB, and Eelco F. M. Wijdicks, MD, PhD42. Acute Perforations of the Gastrointestinal TractNaina K. Sawal, MD, and Alice Gallo de Moraes, MD43. Acute Vascular Disorders of the IntestineOmar Y. Mousa, MBBS, MD, and Surakit Pungpapong, MD44. Abdominal Compartment SyndromeIrving A. Jorge, MD, Peter F. Johnston, MD, and Daniel J. Johnson, MDKidney Disorders45. Acute Kidney Injury: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and ManagementJacob Ninan, MD, MS, and Kianoush B. Kashani, MD, MS46. Acid-Base DisordersUrbee Disha Peterson, DO, and Alice Gallo de Moraes, MD47. Drug Dosing in Kidney DysfunctionMariam Charkviani, MD, Caitlin S. Brown, PharmD, RPh, and Erin F. Barreto, PharmD, RPh48. Principles of Kidney Replacement TherapySwetha Reddy, MBBS, MD, and Juan Pablo Domecq Garces, MD49. Disorders of Water and Electrolyte BalanceMichael Bernaba, Suman Misra, MD, and Mira T. Keddis, MDHematologic and Inflammatory Disorders50. Anemia and Blood TransfusionT. N. Diem Vu, MD, John M. Zietlow, MD, and Myung S. Park, MD, MS51. Hematologic and Oncologic Complications in the Intensive Care UnitJanhavi Athale, MD, and Leslie J. Padrnos, MD52. Thrombocytopenia and Thrombocytopathy in the Intensive Care UnitJanhavi Athale, MD, and Leslie J. Padrnos, MD53. Disseminated Intravascular CoagulationLeslie J. Padrnos, MD, and Janhavi Athale, MD54. Diagnosis and Management of Acquired Bleeding DisordersMeera Sridharan, MD, PhD, and Rajiv K. Pruthi, MBBS55. Anticoagulation and Antiplatelet TherapyTheresa N. Kinard, MD56. Therapeutic Plasma Exchange for Acute Hematologic DisordersJill Adamski, MD, PhD57. Rheumatologic Conditions in Critical CareAlain Sanchez Rodriguez, MBBS, Gabriel Figueroa-Parra, MD, and Alí A. Duarte García, MDSepsis and Other Infectious Diseases58. Infectious Diseases Complicating Critical CareAditya S. Shah, MBBS, and Josh Clement, PharmD, RPh59. Antibiotics in the Intensive Care UnitAditya S. Shah, MBBS, and Josh Clement, PharmD, RPh60. Sepsis and Septic ShockPhilippe R. Bauer, MD, PhDDermatologic Concerns61. Dermatologic Emergencies in the Intensive Care UnitMatthew R. Hall, MDTrauma and Burns62. Initial Approach to the Management of Multisystem TraumaDavid S. Morris, MD, and T. N. Diem Vu, MD63. Chest and Abdominal TraumaJoy D. Hughes, MD, and David S. Morris, MD64. Skeletal TraumaJohn M. Zietlow, MD65. Burns and Electrical InjuriesBrandon T. Nokes, MD, and Ayan Sen, MDCardiothoracic Critical Care66. Cardiothoracic Surgery and Postoperative Intensive CareArun L. Jayaraman, MD, PhD67. Mechanical Circulatory Assist DevicesBhavesh M. Patel, MD68. Extracorporeal Membrane OxygenationPramod Guru, MBBS, MD, and Gregory J. Schears, MD69. Cardiac Pacing in the Intensive Care UnitJoshua M. Hauser, MD, MPH, Michael R. Boswell, MD, and Harish Ramakrishna, MDTransplant Critical Care70. Clinical Management of Heart TransplantSenthil Anand, MBBS, and Lisa M. LeMond, MD71. Clinical Management of Heart-Lung and Lung TransplantSadia Z. Shah, MD, and Francisco Alvarez, MD72. Clinical Management of Liver TransplantAmanda F. Ambrose, MD, and Bhargavi Gali, MD, MHA73. Clinical Management of Kidney TransplantJames A. Onigkeit, MD, Ryan M. Benjamin, DO, and Kyle J. Haselton, MD74. Small Intestinal TransplantAyan Sen, MDToxicity and Toxins75. Serotonin SyndromeFarwa Ali, MBBS, and Eelco F. M. Wijdicks, MD, PhD76. Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome and HyperthermiaJohn A. Fanous, MBBS, and Aaron B. Skolnik, MD77. Toxicology of Selected Illicit Substances and Chemical and Biological Warfare AgentsMatthew D. Sztajnkrycer, MD, PhDSection III: Questions and AnswersSection IV: Neurocritical IllnessAcute Cerebrovascular Disorders78. Diagnosis and Management of Hemispheric InfarctionCarlos Perez Vega, MD, Sanjeet S. Grewal, MD, and W. Christopher Fox, MD79. Basilar Artery OcclusionMaximiliano A. Hawkes, MD, and Jennifer E. Fugate, DO80. Carotid Artery DiseaseSamir Kashyap, DO, Al-Wala A. Awad, MD, Nnenna Mbabuike, MD, and Rabih G. Tawk, MD81. Adult Primary Central Nervous System VasculitisCarlo Salvarani, MD, Robert D. Brown Jr, MD, MPH, and Gene G. Hunder, MD82. Intracerebral and Intraventricular HemorrhageOana M. Dumitrascu, MD83. Aneurysmal Subarachnoid HemorrhageKristen M. Scheitler, MD, and Eelco F. M. Wijdicks, MD, PhD84. Intracranial Arteriovenous MalformationsKelly D. Flemming, MD, and Giuseppe Lanzino, MD85. Cerebral Venous and Dural Sinus ThrombosisChristopher R. Marcellino, MD, and Sara E. Hocker, MD86. Cervical Arterial DissectionGyanendra Kumar, MD, and Bart M. Demaerschalk, MDTraumatic Brain and Spine Injury87. Traumatic Brain Injury and Spinal Cord InjuryNikita Lakomkin, MD, and Jeremy L. Fogelson, MD88. Traumatic Intracranial Epidural and Subdural Hematomas in AdultsKristen M. Scheitler, MD, and John L. D. Atkinson, MD89. Unstable Spinal FracturesZachary A. Pennington, MD, William E. Clifton III, MD, and Mark A. Pichelmann, MDAcute Central Nervous System Infections90. EncephalitisAllen J. Aksamit Jr, MD91. Acute Bacterial MeningitisEelco F. M. Wijdicks, MD, PhD92. Brain Abscess and Spinal Epidural AbscessCristina G. Corsini Campioli, MD, and John C. O'Horo, MD, MPHAcute Neuromuscular Disorders93. Myasthenia GravisMaximiliano A. Hawkes, MD, and Eelco F. M. Wijdicks, MD, PhD94. Guillain-Barré SyndromeEelco F. M. Wijdicks, MD, PhD95. Amyotrophic Lateral SclerosisJennifer M. Martinez-Thompson, MD, and Nathan P. Staff, MD, PhD96. Rhabdomyolysis, Myopathies in Intensive Care, and Toxic MyopathiesMargherita Milone, MD, PhD, and Justin C. Kao, MB, ChB97. Myopathy and Neuropathy Acquired in the Intensive Care UnitPriya S. Dhawan, MD, and Jennifer A. Tracy, MDDRMiscellaneous Disorders of Acute Brain Injury98. Status EpilepticusPouya A. Ameli, MD, MS, Christopher Robinson, DO, MS, and Sara E. Hocker, MD99. Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy SyndromeJennifer E. Fugate, DO100. Demyelinating Disorders of the Central Nervous SystemCaitlin S. Jackson-Tarlton, MD, and W. Oliver Tobin, MB, BCh, BAO, PhD101. Prion Disease and Evaluation of Rapidly Progressive DementiaJ. Brent Peel, MD, Levi W. Howard, DO, and Dennis W. Dickson, MDNeuro-oncology102. Brain and Spine TumorsMithun G. Sattur, MD, Devi P. Patra, MBBS, Maciej M. Mrugala, MD, PhD, Ayan Sen, MD, and Bernard R. Bendok, MD103. Leptomeningeal MetastasisDavid N. Abarbanel, MD, and Alyx B. Porter, MD104. Autoimmune Encephalitis in Critical CareEslam Shosha, MB, BCh, and Sean J. Pittock, MD105. Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy for Central Nervous System TumorsUgur T. Sener, MD, Sameer R. Keole, MD, and Sani H. Kizilbash, MD, MPHPostoperative Neurosurgery106. Intensive Care After Spinal SurgeryAnthony L. Mikula, MD, and Benjamin D. Elder, MD, PhD107. Intensive Care After CraniotomyLina Marenco Hillembrand, MD, and Kaisorn L. Chaichana, MD108. Intensive Care After Neuroendovascular ProceduresBrian W. Chong, MD, Chandan Krishna, MD, and Bernard R. Bendok, MDSection IV: Questions and AnswersSection V: Imaging in Critical Illness109. Chest ImagingCarlos A. Rojas, MD, and Barbara L. McComb, MD110. Abdominal RadiographsFrank K. Chen, MD, David J. DiSantis, MD, and Joseph G. Cernigliaro, MD111. UltrasonographyChristopher M. Kyper, MD, and Lauren K. Ng, MD112. Transesophageal EchocardiographyJoshua M. Hauser, MD, MPH, Scott J. Heller, MD, and Harish Ramakrishna, MDSection V: Questions and AnswersSection VI: ProceduresAirway Procedures and Modes of Ventilation113. Basics of Airway and Oxygen Delivery DevicesAndrew W. Murray, MD114. Endotracheal Intubation ProceduresJuan G. Ripoll Sanz, MD, and Matthew J. Ritter, MD115. Noninvasive Positive Pressure VentilationArvind Balavenkataraman, MBBS, and John E. Moss, MD116. TracheostomyCody J. Smith, MD, Saba Ghorab, MD, and David G. Lott, MD117. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Bronchoscopy in the Intensive Care UnitJohn A. Fanous, MBBS, and Kenneth K. Sakata, MDCardiovascular and Cardiopulmonary Monitoring and Access118. Electrocardiographic MonitoringSumedh K. Iyengar, MBBS, Shruti K. Iyengar, MBBS, and Komandoor Srivathsan, MD119. Hemodynamic MonitoringHannelisa E. Callisen, PA-C, and Ayan Sen, MD120. Pulmonary Artery CatheterizationPhilip E. Lowman, MD, and Christan D. Santos, APRN, DNP121. Thoracentesis and Chest TubesStaci E. Beamer, MD122. Central Line PlacementLuke J. Matzek, MD, and W. Brian B. Beam, MD123. Interventional Radiology ProceduresRahmi Oklu, MD, PhD, and Harish Narayanan, MDNeuromonitoring and Procedures124. Intracranial Pressure Monitoring and External Ventricular DrainageAmanda D. Tomlinson, APRN, DNP, and William D. Freeman, MD125. Lumbar PunctureChristina I. Collins, APRN, DNP, and Karen A. Pratt, APRN126. Lumbar DrainJamie J. Van Gompel, MD127. Intraventricular Drug AdministrationWilliam W. Horn Jr, APRN, and Benjamin L. Brown, MD128. Transcranial Doppler UltrasonographyMichelle P. Lin, MD, MPH, and Josephine F. Huang, MD129. ElectroencephalographyAmy Z. Crepeau, MD130. Essentials of Multimodal Brain MonitoringJennifer E. Fugate, DO131. Essentials of Cranial NeuroimagingVishal N. Patel, MD, PhD, and Sukhwinder S. Sandhu, MDSection VI: Questions and AnswersSection VII: Pharmacotherapeutics132. Sedation and AnalgesiaKevin H. Luk, MD133. Inotropes, Vasopressors, and Antihypertensive AgentsJuan N. Pulido Sierra, MD134. Antibiotics, Antivirals, and AntifungalsChristopher F. Saling, MDSection VII: Questions and AnswersSection VIII: End-of-Life Considerations135. Palliative and End-of-Life Care in the Intensive Care UnitMaisha T. Robinson, MD136. Assessing Decisional CapacityAhmed A. Alhassan, MBBS, David C. Fipps, DO, and Christopher L. Sola, DO137. Brain DeathEelco F. M. Wijdicks, MD, PhD138. Disorders of ConsciousnessAmanda L. Porter, MD, and Gregory S. Day, MD139. Concerns and Care Before Organ DonationDiane C. McLaughlin, APRN, and Lauren K. Ng, MD140. Medical ProfessionalismThomas Gossard, BA, and Erik K. St. Louis, MD141. Informed Consent for Treatment or ResearchThomas Gossard, BA, and Erik K. St. Louis, MDSection VIII: Questions and Answers