Max Weber’s Theory of Personality

Sara R. Farris, Ph.D., studied at the University of Rome “La Sapienza”. She is Lecturer in Sociology at Goldsmiths University of London. She was Member Scholar at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton in 2012-2013. She has published on sociological theory, political sociology, orientalism, international migration and gender studies.

• AcknowledgementsINTRODUCTION1. Max Weber’s Theory of Personality.2. Individuation.3. Politics.4. Orientalism.5. Organisation of the book.6. Summary of the chapters.1. FROM THE HISTORICAL INDIVIDUAL TO THE SOCIOLOGICAL PERSONALITY1. Singularisation and individualisation of history.2. The notion of individuality in 19th century historiography.3. The Heidelberg school and the axiological foundation of the historical individual.4. Universalism of values and anti-naturalism: logical antinomies and political implications.5. Historical individual and subjective axiology in Max Weber.6. Causality and rationality versus unpredictability and irrationality of action.7. Towards a theory of personality.2. A LEXICON OF INDIVIDUATION: BILDUNG, RELIGION, PERSONALITY1. Introduction.2. Religion, between the individual and society.3. From magic to religion: disenchantment and rationalisation.4. Conceptions of God in the Orient and in the Western World.5. The theodicy of suffering and the religions of redemption as instrument.6. Ascetic and mystical orientation.7. Irrationalisation of ends, rationalisation of means: on formal rationality.8. Religion and economics: negative dialectic and the birth of capitalism.3. PURITAN PERSONALITY AND POLITICAL LEADERSHIP OF CAPITAL1. A ‘partial’ synopsis.2. Criticisms, condemnations and misinterpretations.3. Avant le déluge: an anachronic approach to interpreting “The Protestant Ethic”.4. Rationalisation and specialisation.5. Weber versus the neo-humanism of Wilhelm von Humboldt.6. Weber versus the realisation of individuality in Marx.7. Puritan personality and political leadership of capital.4. THE ROOTS OF RATIONALISATION: ANCIENT JUDAISM1. Social stratification in ancient Palestine.2. Jewish hierocracy: between bureaucracy and charisma.3. The historicity of the world and the dislocation of authority.4. On the utility and liability of marginality for Judaism: the community of the covenant and the pariah-people.5. Collective emancipation versus individual salvation: the Jewish “personality”.5. PARADOXES OF RELIGIOUS INDIVIDUALISM: ON WEBER’S SOCIOLOGY OF INDIA1. The sociology of India. Hinduism and Buddhism.2. Hinduisation, church and sect.3. The caste system.4. The dharma of caste, karma and samsara.5. The heterodox religions: Jainism and Buddhism.5. Egotism and conformism: religious individualism in India.6. THE LAND OF THE ‘WELL-ADJUSTED MAN’: WEBER’S SOCIOLOGY OF CHINA1. From feudalism to patrimonialism.2. State bureaucracy and political capitalism.3. On the sacred nature of tradition: the precarious equilibrium between centre and periphery.4. Confucianism as a “religious ethic for cultivated men”.5. The Taoist and Buddhist heterodoxies.6. The theoretical challenge of Confucian rationalism.7. On the absence of personality.7. POLITICS AND ORIENTALISM OF THE OCCIDENTAL PERSONALITY1. The Protestant sects and the Puritan personality.2.. In the beginning was charisma3..Homo politicus and homo puritanus.4. The Asiatic non-personality5. Homo asiaticus and homo bureaucraticus.6. Concluding remarks: politics and orientalism of the Occidental personality.BibliographyIndex

“Sara R. Farris’s analysis of the different areas of Weber’s research is very informative and substantial; her differentiated ideology-critique is convincing and inspiring. By focusing on Weber’s concept of the Occidental ‘personality’ and its counter-image of an Asiatic 'non-personality', she has found an excellent theoretical key to lay bare the Orientalist pattern underlying his comparative analysis of world religions. Whoever tries to work with Weber’s sociological tools needs to be aware of the ideological baggage contained in his methodological approach.”Jan Rehmann, author of Max Weber, Modernisierung als passive Revolution (Argument, 1998) and Theories of Ideology: The Powers of Alienation and Subjection (Brill, 2013).“Sara R. Farris’s path-breaking book is the first systematic attempt to understand Max Weber’s central concept of personality. By means of powerful critical scrutiny, Farris reveals the class-based, Eurocentric and Orientalist presuppositions of Weber’s concept. Readers interested in Weber’s sociology should not miss this outstanding piece of research.” Michael Löwy, author of La cage d’acier: Max Weber et le marxisme wébérien (Stock, 2013).