Anna Czekanowska is Professor at the Catholic University of Lublin. Urula Hemetek received her Ph.D. in musicology in 1987. She is associate professor at the Institute for Folk MusicResearch at the University for Music and the Performing Arts ViennaGerda Lechleitner received her Ph.D. in musicology from the University of Vienna. She is editor of the sound documents at the Phonogrammarchiv of the Austrian Academy of Sciences.Inna Naroditskaya received her Ph.D. from the University of Michigan. She is assistant professor of ethnomusicology/musicology at Northwestern University.

• Foreword IX; Preface XV; 1. John Morgan O'Connell, United Kingdom - Sustaining Difference: Theorising Minority Music in Badakhshan 1; 2. Anna Czekanowska, Poland - Neighbours - Foreigners - Visitors: Towards a Contemporary Concept of Identity. Studying Musical Culture of the Border Area 20; 3. Gerda Lechleitner, Austria - Early Phonographic Research and Minority Studies 32; 4. Ursula Hemetek, Austria - Music and Minorities: A Challenge to our Discipline. Some Theoretical and Methodological Considerations from the Roma in Austria 42; 5. Ardian Ahmedaja, Austria/Albania - On the Question of Methods for Studying Ethnic Minorities' Music in the Case of Greece's Arvanites and Alvanoi 54; 6. Cheng Shui-Cheng, France/Taiwan - Some Personal Reflections on Applied Musicology 63; 7. Jan Steszewski, Poland - History of Ethnomusicological Research on Minorities in Poland: Circumstances and Motivations 68; 8. Piotr Dahlig, Poland - Territorial Identity: Counterpoint or Stimulus for Ethnic Boundaries: The Example of Spisz in the Carpathian Mountains 76; 9. Marta Kalinowska, Poland - Music Life of the Belorussian Minority in Poland - an Insider's Point of View 89; vi 10. Robert Carl Metil, USA - Rusnak Song, Tattoos on Concrete, the Lethal Function of Narrative, and the Metaphor of Skin for Identity in Eastern Slovakia 99; 11. Masa Komavec, Slovenia - State Boundaries, Ethnic Boundaries and Musical Boundaries 117; 12. Marianne Brocker, Germany - A French Minority in Paris 129; 13. Dorit Klebe, Germany - Kanak Attak in Germany: A Multiethnic Network of Youths Employing Musical Forms of Expression 162; 14. Munir Nurettin Beken, USA/Turkey - Ethnicity and Identity in Music - a Case Study: Professional Musicians in Istanbul 181; 15. Naila Ceribasic, Croatia - The Production of Peculiarity and Dignity: A Short Overview of the Public Practice of National Minorities' Folk Music and Dance in Croatia 191; 16. Rosmary Statelova, Bulgaria - The Contemporary Sorbian Choral Movement: Horizons of Meaning by Singing Sorbian Songs 201; 17. Gisa Jahnichen, Germany - Wild Africa: Understanding and Presentation of Maasai Musical Culture 209; 18. Juniper Hill, USA - Musical Ironies in the Andes: Borrowing from the Other to Define the Self 221; 19. Katrin Lengwinat, Venezuela - Cultural Minorities in Venezuela Camouflage with Viagra and the Twin Towers 231; vii 20. Bozena Muszkalska, Poland - Expression of the Jewish Identity in the Contemporary Synagogue Chant in Poland 238; 21. Arleta Nawrocka-Wysocka, Poland - Protestant Songs in Mazury: The Repertoire of a Borderland 246; 22. Weronika Grozdew, Poland - National Identity and the Distinctiveness of the Musical Culture among the Bulgarian Catholic Minority 257; 23. Karina Firkaviciute, Lithuania - Karaim Minority in Lithuania: Recent Research about Ancient Music 263; 24. Girolamo Garofalo, Italy - Music and Identity of Albanians in Sicily: Liturgical-Byzantine Chant and Devotional Musical Tradition 273; 25. Yoshiko Okazaki, Japan - An Ethnic Liturgical Ex